Evidence mapPaperPMID 40144972Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2025

Machine learning-based prediction of mortality risk in AIDS patients with comorbid common AIDS-related diseases or symptoms.

Yiwei Chen, Kejun Pan, Xiaobo Lu, Erxiding Maimaiti, Maimaitiaili Wubuli

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yiwei ChenDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
Kejun PanDepartment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
Xiaobo LuDepartment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
Erxiding MaimaitiDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
Maimaitiaili WubuliDepartment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: Early assessment and intervention of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients at high risk of mortality is critical. This study aims to develop an optimally performing mortality risk prediction model for AIDS patients with comorbid AIDS-related diseases or symptoms to facilitate early intervention. Methods: The study included 478 first-time hospital-admitted AIDS patients with related diseases or symptoms. Eight predictors were screened using lasso regression, followed by building eight models and using SHAP values (Shapley's additive explanatory values) to identify key features in the best models. The accuracy and discriminatory power of model predictions were assessed using variable importance plots, receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, and confusion matrices. Clinical benefits were evaluated through decision-curve analyses, and validation was performed with an external set of 48 patients. Results: Lasso regression identified eight predictors, including hemoglobin, infection pathway, Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim, expectoration, headache, persistent diarrhea, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, and bacterial pneumonia. The optimal model, XGBoost, yielded an Area Under Curve (AUC) of 0.832, a sensitivity of 0.703, and a specificity of 0.799 in the training set. In the test set, the AUC was 0.729, the sensitivity was 0.717, and the specificity was 0.636. In the external validation set, the AUC was 0.873, the sensitivity was 0.852, and the specificity was 0.762. Furthermore, the calibration curves showed a high degree of fit, and the DCA curves demonstrated the overall high clinical utility of the model. Conclusion: In this study, an XGBoost-based mortality risk prediction model is proposed, which can effectively predict the mortality risk of patients with co-morbid AIDS-related diseases or symptomatic AIDS, providing a new reference for clinical decision-making.

Indexed as

Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeMachine LearningAdultComorbidityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk AssessmentAIDSHIVmachine learningprediction modelXGBoost

Identifiers

PMID40144972
PMCPMC11936937

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.