Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40145817›Full record

ArticleJournal of diabetes investigation2025

Severe insulin-deficient diabetes is at the opposite end of the neuropathy spectrum to mild aged-related diabetes.

Brian C Callaghan, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Lavanya Muthukumar, Evan L Reynolds, Jebarani Saravanan, Mani Arun Vignesh, Aswin Mukundan, Eva L Feldman, Viswanathan Mohan

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of diabetes investigation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Diabetic retinal disease.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Brian C CallaghanDepartment of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8885-6748
Ranjit Mohan AnjanaMadras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, Chennai, India.
Lavanya MuthukumarDepartment of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Evan L ReynoldsDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
Jebarani SaravananMadras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, Chennai, India.
Mani Arun VigneshMadras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, Chennai, India.
Aswin MukundanMadras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, Chennai, India.
Eva L FeldmanDepartment of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Viswanathan MohanMadras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, Chennai, India.

Funding

Regional Pilot And Feasibility Study Grants ProgramP30DK020572 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Mehboob A Hussain · 2013 to 2026
$24.3M
Schwann Cell Senescence and the Secretome Provide a Unifying Mechanism for the Onset and Progression of Diabetic NeuropathyR01DK130913 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Eva Lucille Feldman, Junguk Hur · 2022 to 2026
$3.3M
The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training and Surgical Weight Loss On Distal Symmetric Polyneuropathy OutcomesR01DK115687 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI CALLAGHAN, BRIAN CHRISTOPHER · 2018 to 2022
$3.1M
Targeting Inflammation with Salsalate as a Novel Therapy for Diabetic NeuropathyR01DK107956 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI BUSUI (POP-BUSUI), RODICA, FELDMAN, EVA LUCILLE · 2016 to 2020
$3.0M
Identifying lifelong factors that impact brain health and outcomes in type 1 diabetes: The Cognition and Longitudinal Assessments of Risk Factors over 30 Years (CLARiFY) Diabetes Complications StudyR01DK129320 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI FELDMAN, EVA LUCILLE · 2021 to 2025
$2.3M
Predicting complications of diabetes with longitudinal metabolic trajectoriesR00DK129785 · NIDDK · HENRY FORD HEALTH + MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Evan L Reynolds · 2024 to 2026
$745k
Eva L. Feldman ProfessorshipJDRF 5-COE-2019-861-S-BMadras Diabetes Research FoundationNIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK020572NIDDK NIH HHS R00 DK129785NIDDK NIH HHS R00DK129785NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK107956NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK107956NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK115687NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK115687NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK129320NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK129320NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK130913NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK130913
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The effect of diabetes subtypes on neuropathy prevalence and metabolic drivers of this relationship are unknown. Using electronic medical records from 50 diabetes care centers in eight states of India with biothesiometer and complete phenotyping data on 22,348 patients, we determined neuropathy prevalence stratified by India-specific diabetes subtypes and evaluated associations with neuropathy (biothesiometer). Neuropathy prevalence was highest in severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD; 25.5%), followed by insulin-resistant obese diabetes (IROD; 21.8%), mild age-related diabetes (MARD; 18.9%), and combined insulin-resistant and deficient diabetes (CIRDD; 17.3%, P = <0.001). HbA1c (odds ratio [OR]: 1.19, 1.16-1.21), diabetes duration (OR: 1.04, 1.04-1.05), and waist circumference (OR: 1.01, 1.01-1.02) were associated with neuropathy. SIDD (OR: 2.23, 2.01-2.47), CIRDD (OR: 1.89, 1.69-2.11), and IROD (OR: 1.84, 1.66-2.04) had increased neuropathy compared to MARD. In India, SIDD patients are more likely to have neuropathy compared to MARD patients likely from longer diabetes duration and higher HbA1c; therefore, interventions should focus on hyperglycemia. Interventions in CIRDD and IROD patients should likely address obesity as well.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic NeuropathiesInsulinAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansIndiaInsulin ResistanceMaleMiddle AgedObesityPrevalencePrognosisGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanInsulinDiabetes subtypesIndiaNeuropathy

Identifiers

PMID40145817
PMCPMC12131918

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.