Evidence mapPaperPMID 40146483Full record

ReviewOphthalmology and therapy2025

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Perceptual Learning and Video Game Training for Adults with Monocular Amblyopia.

Xiaolu Ming, Gantian Huang, Xiaohang Chen, Meng Liao, Longqian Liu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Ophthalmology and therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xiaolu MingDepartment of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Gantian HuangDepartment of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Xiaohang ChenDepartment of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Meng LiaoDepartment of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Longqian LiuDepartment of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. b.q15651@hotmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2265-4625

Funding

Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF GZC20231794
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAmblyopia is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a reduction in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). This meta-analysis aimed to analyze the effectiveness of perceptual learning and video game training for adults with amblyopia.

methodsFollowing Cochrane guidelines (PROSPERO CRD42024504502), we conducted a systematic search across multiple databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on adults with amblyopia receiving behavioral therapies were included. Data on interventions, sample size, and logMAR visual acuity were extracted and analyzed using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 17.0.

resultsA total of 6439 studies were identified, with 22 meeting the inclusion criteria after screening. The meta-analysis included 422 adult patients with amblyopia across these studies. Quality assessment revealed that 78% of studies had a low risk of bias. The analysis showed a statistically significant standardized mean difference (SMD) of -0.68 in the experimental group compared with controls, indicating an improvement in visual acuity (P < 0.05). Subgroup analyses indicated that perceptual learning and video game training also resulted in visual improvement (P < 0.05). In addition, the results indicated a significant improvement in visual acuity with dichoptic training or monocular training, reaching visual acuity improvement (P < 0.05).

conclusionsThese findings indicate that targeted visual training facilitates neural plasticity, reduces interocular suppression, and reinforces neural pathways associated with visual processing. While video game-based interventions represent a viable and engaging rehabilitation strategy, a combined approach may be most effective in enhancing monocular and binocular functions. Future research should focus on refining training protocols to enhance both monocular and binocular visual function more effectively.

Indexed as

AmblyopiaBinocular visionDichoptic trainingMonocular trainingNeuroplasticityNoninvasive treatmentPerceptual learningVideo game trainingVisual acuityVisual rehabilitation

Identifiers

PMID40146483
PMCPMC12006629

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.