Evidence mapPaperPMID 40147718Full record

ArticleMolecular & cellular proteomics : MCP2025

Bioinformatics-Guided Identification and Quantification of Biomarkers of Crotalus atrox Envenoming and Its Neutralization by Antivenom.

Auwal A Bala, Anas Bedraoui, Salim El Mejjad, Nicholas K Willard, Joseph D Hatcher, Anton Iliuk, Joanne E Curran, Elda E Sanchez, Montamas Suntravat, Emelyn Salazar and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Auwal A BalaDepartment of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA.
Anas BedraouiFaculty of Medical Sciences, UM6P Hospitals, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, Morocco.
Salim El MejjadFaculty of Medical Sciences, UM6P Hospitals, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, Morocco.
Nicholas K WillardNational Natural Toxins Research Center (NNTRC), Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas, USA; Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas, USA.
Joseph D HatcherNational Natural Toxins Research Center (NNTRC), Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas, USA; Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas, USA.
Anton IliukTymora Analytical Operations, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
Joanne E CurranDepartment of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA.
Elda E SanchezNational Natural Toxins Research Center (NNTRC), Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas, USA; Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas, USA.
Montamas SuntravatNational Natural Toxins Research Center (NNTRC), Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas, USA; Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas, USA.
Emelyn SalazarNational Natural Toxins Research Center (NNTRC), Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, Texas, USA.
Rachid El FatimyFaculty of Medical Sciences, UM6P Hospitals, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, Morocco.
Tariq DaoudaFaculty of Medical Sciences, UM6P Hospitals, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir, Morocco.
Jacob A GalanDepartment of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, Texas, USA. Electronic address: jacob.galan@utrgv.edu.

Funding

Viper Resource Grant at Texas A&M University-KingsvilleP40OD010960 · OD · TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY-KINGSVILLE · 2024 to 2025
$1.7M
NIH HHS P40 OD010960
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics of extracellular vesicles (EVs) provides systems-level exploration for the analysis of snakebite envenoming (SBE) as the venom progresses, causing injuries such as hemorrhage, trauma, and death. Predicting EV biomarkers has become an essential aspect of this process, offering an avenue to explore the specific pathophysiological changes that occur after envenoming. As new omics approaches emerge to advance our understanding of SBE, further bioinformatics analyses are warranted to incorporate the use of antivenom or other therapeutics to observe their global impact on various biological processes. Herein, we used an in vivo BALB/c mouse model and proteomics approach to analyze the physiological impacts of SBE and antivenom neutralization in intact animals; this was followed by bioinformatics methods to predict potential EV biomarkers. Groups of mice (n = 5) were intramuscularly injected with Saline or Crotalus atrox venom. After 30 min, the mice received saline or antivenom (Antivipmyn) by intravenous injection. After 24 h, blood was collected to extract the plasma to analyze the EV content and determine the exposome of C. atrox venom as well as the neutralizing capabilities of the antivenom. The predicted biomarkers consistently and significantly sensitive to antivenom treatment are Slc25a4, Rps8, Akr1c6, Naa10, Sult1d1, Hadha, Mbl2, Zc3hav, Tgfb1, Prxl2a, Coro1c, Tnni1, Ryr3, C8b, Mycbp, and Cfhr4. These biomarkers pointed toward specific physiological alterations, causing significant metabolic changes in mitochondrial homeostasis, lipid metabolism, immunity, and cytolysis, indicating hallmarks of traumatic injury. Here, we present a more comprehensive view of murine plasma EV proteome and further identify significant changes in abundance for potential biomarkers associated with antivenom treatment. The predicted biomarkers have the potential to enhance current diagnostic tools for snakebite management, thereby contributing significantly to the evolution of treatment strategies in the diagnosis and prognosis of SBE.

Indexed as

AntiveninsBiomarkersComputational BiologyCrotalid VenomsCrotalusSnake BitesAnimalsExtracellular VesiclesMaleMiceMice, Inbred BALB CProteomicsVenomous SnakesAntiveninsBiomarkersCrotalid Venomsantivenomextracellular vesiclesproteomicssnakebitesystems biology

Identifiers

PMID40147718
PMCPMC12140956

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.