Evidence mapPaperPMID 40147989Full record

SynthesisBMJ open2025

Impact of COVID-19 infection on mortality, diabetic complications and haematological parameters in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Jialing Zhang, Yanfang Ma, Wing Lam To, Sen Chow, Hiu To Tang, Hoi Ki Wong, Jingyuan Luo, Chun Hoi Cheung, Zhaoxiang Bian

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jialing Zhang *Vincent V.C Woo Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Institute, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0900-4617
Yanfang Ma *Vincent V.C Woo Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Institute, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
Wing Lam ToVincent V.C Woo Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Institute, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
Sen ChowVincent V.C Woo Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Institute, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
Hiu To TangVincent V.C Woo Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Institute, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
Hoi Ki WongVincent V.C Woo Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Institute, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
Jingyuan LuoVincent V.C Woo Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Institute, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8036-7918
Chun Hoi CheungSchool of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
Zhaoxiang BianVincent V.C Woo Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Institute, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China bzxiang@hkbu.edu.hk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6206-1958

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesSARS-CoV-2 poses significant challenges to people living with diabetes (PLWD). This systematic review aimed to explore the impact of COVID-19 on mortality, complications associated with diabetes and haematological parameters among PLWD.

designSystematic review and meta-analysis using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). DATA SOURCES: EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and LILACS were searched between 1 December 2019 and 14 January 2025. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: Eligible studies included case-control and cohort studies involving PLWD categorised into two groups: those with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and those without. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Meta-analyses estimated the odds ratios (ORs) and mean differences (MDs) of outcomes including mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), acute kidney injury, hospitalisation length and haematological parameters. We pooled results using random-effects models and assessed study quality with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A funnel plot was used to detect potential publication bias. The overall certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE.

results25 of 7266 unique studies were eligible, including 1 154674 PLWD (561 558 with COVID-19 and 593 116 without COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 infection in PLWD was associated with significantly increased mortality (OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.45 to 4.36, I

conclusionsSARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with elevated risks of mortality and acute kidney injury and poor glycaemic control in PLWD, alongside increased levels of inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers. These findings underscore the urgent need for tailored clinical management strategies for PLWD with COVID-19. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42023418039.

Indexed as

COVID-19Diabetes ComplicationsDiabetes MellitusAcute Kidney InjuryDiabetic KetoacidosisHospitalizationHumansIntensive Care UnitsCOVID-19Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Prognosis

Identifiers

PMID40147989
PMCPMC11956398

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.