Evidence mapPaperPMID 40148259Full record

ArticleJournal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA2025

Insulin initiation for patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Hsin-An Chen, Chia-Hung Lin, Feng-Hsuan Liu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Hsin-An ChenDepartment of Internal Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC.
Chia-Hung LinDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC.
Feng-Hsuan LiuDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWe examined the initiation of insulin therapy in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), analyzed their glycemic responses, and compared patient profiles based on glycemic outcomes.

methodsPatients with T2DM initiated on insulin therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Data were collected from endocrinology clinic before and 3 and 6 months after insulin initiation. The primary outcome was hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level 6 months after commencing insulin treatment. Secondary outcomes included HbA1c levels at 3 months after insulin treatment and fasting blood glucose levels at 3 and 6 months after treatment. We analyzed the effects of insulin initiation and categorized patients based on their 6-month HbA1c levels: below the median of 7.8% (better response) and above 7.8% (worse response). Additionally, we evaluated patients based on HbA1c changes at 6 months, with greater or lesser changes defined by the cohort's median change of -1.4%.

resultsInsulin therapy significantly reduced HbA1c (from 9.8% to 8.2%) and fasting blood glucose levels (from 221.4 to 147.2 mg/dL) within 3 months. After 6 months, HbA1c and fasting blood glucose levels decreased by 2.1% (9.8%-7.7%) and 77.2 mg/dL (221.4-144.2 mg/dL), respectively. Patients who responded better to insulin treatment showed lower fasting blood glucose levels by 6 months after insulin initiation and lower HbA1c levels as soon as 3 months after initiation. Patients with higher baseline glycemic profiles experienced significantly greater HbA1c reductions at 6 months post-treatment.

conclusionInsulin therapy significantly improved glycemic control in patients with T2DM within 3 months after initiation. Patients with higher baseline glycemic profiles experienced greater responses to insulin therapy.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Hypoglycemic AgentsInsulinAdultAgedBlood GlucoseFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinInsulin naiveInsulin therapyType 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID40148259
PMCPMC12718697

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.