ReviewAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Acquired Bacterial Resistance to Antibiotics and Resistance Genes: From Past to Future.
Review in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comparison of the Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized withPharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance as a Global Public Health Challenge: Epidemiological Burden, Bioethical Dimensions and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Infectious disease reports · 2026Review
- Silver-based N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes as emerging strategies against antimicrobial resistance.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Dual Silencing of Aminoglycoside Biosynthesis for the Discovery of Novel Antimicrobials in Streptomyces.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Article
- Comprehensive genomic insights into lineages, virulence, and antibiotic resistance profiles of Campylobacter jejuni entailing a global One Health scenario.Gut pathogens · 2026Article
- Engineering host‑defense peptides enhanced by artificial intelligence and nano delivery systems to overcome biofilms and antimicrobial resistance.Engineering microbiology · 2026Review
- Current State of the Fight Against Antimicrobial Resistance: What Are the Different Strategies for Tomorrow?Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Veterinary Bacterial Pathogens: Resistance Patterns, Zoonotic Risks and One Health Implications.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Two Worlds, One Battle: How Bacteria and Malignancies Converge on Drug Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Tackling Biofilm-Forming Pathogens: A Challenge to Overcome in the Fight Against Infectious Diseases.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- Genetically Modified Lactic Acid Bacteria in the EU Food Chain: Applications, Benefits, and Risk Assessment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Genetic diversity, serotype, and antimicrobial profiles of Riemerella anatipestifer isolated from ducks and chickens in Thailand.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Drug-Resistant Gram-Positive Cocci as Etiological Factors of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infections-Data from the EXTRACT Registry.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of Bacterial Resistance and Innovative Strategies to Overcome Antimicrobial Resistance.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Molecular Profiles and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Bacterial Isolates from Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Observational
- Detection of theVeterinary world · 2026Article
- Bacterial post-translational changes: the possible enigma of multidrug resistance.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Toward Smart Salivary Diagnostics: A Comprehensive Review of Heavy Metal Biomarkers and Digital Risk Modeling.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Therapeutic milestones against multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: from legacy antibiotics to Zosurabalpin.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The discovery, commercialization, and regular administration of antimicrobial agents have revolutionized the therapeutic paradigm, making it possible to treat previously untreatable and fatal infections. However, the excessive use of antibiotics has led to develop resistance soon after their use in clinical practice, to the point of becoming a global emergency. The mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antibiotics are manifold, including mechanisms of destruction or inactivation, target site modification, or active efflux, and represent the main examples of evolutionary adaptation for the survival of bacterial species. The acquirement of new resistance mechanisms is a consequence of the great genetic plasticity of bacteria, which triggers specific responses that result in mutational adaptation, acquisition of genetic material, or alteration of gene expression, virtually producing resistance to all currently available antibiotics. Understanding resistance processes is critical to the development of new antimicrobial agents to counteract drug-resistant microorganisms. In this review, both the mechanisms of action of antibiotic resistance (AMR) and the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) mainly found in clinical and environmental bacteria will be reviewed. Furthermore, the evolutionary background of multidrug-resistant bacteria will be examined, and some promising elements to control or reduce the emergence and spread of AMR will be proposed.
Indexed as
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.