ArticleGenes2025
Regulation of Smad2/3 Nuclear Exclusion by Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) in Chicken Follicular Granulosa Cells and Its Effect on FOXO3/4.
Article in Genes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- In vivo evidence for FOXO3-mediated suppression of primordial follicle activation in chickens.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Enhancing cultured meat production with ginseng leaf-stem extract: a novel supplementation approach to promote porcine muscle stem cell growth.Food science of animal resources · 2026Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis study aims to investigate the regulation of small mothers against decapentaplegic 2 and 3 (Smad2/3) protein phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion in follicular granulosa cells (GCs) by chicken follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway, as well as the effect of Smad2/3 proteins on forkhead box O 3 and 4 (FoxO3/4). This lays the foundation for exploring the regulatory functions of signaling pathways closely related to follicular growth and development, as well as the molecular mechanisms of subcellular localization and nuclear exclusion of various effector factors (including transcription factors).
methodsIn this study, we used granulosa cells from 6-8 mm prehierachical follicles of chickens and performed immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), and Western blotting analysis to detect the phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion of Smad2/3 induced by FSH, as well as the regulatory effect of Smad2/3 on FOXO3/4 proteins.
resultsThe results showed that 10 ng/mL FSH and 50 μg/mL PI3K activator significantly reduced the phosphorylation level of Smad2/3 (
conclusionsFSH can inhibit Smad2/3 phosphorylation and retain it in the nucleus through the PI3K signaling pathway. Smad2/3 and FOXO3/4 act as downstream effectors of the PI3K signaling pathway, and Smad2/3 can promote the phosphorylation of FOXO3/4.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.