Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40149587›Full record

ReviewBiomedicines2025

The Role of SGLT2-Inhibitors Across All Stages of Heart Failure and Mechanisms of Early Clinical Benefit: From Prevention to Advanced Heart Failure.

Simone Pasquale Crispino, Andrea Segreti, Vincenzo Nafisio, Daniele Valente, Filippo Crisci, Aurora Ferro, Ilaria Cavallari, Annunziata Nusca, Gian Paolo Ussia, Francesco Grigioni

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biomedicines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  17. One Syndrome, Many Faces: A Unified Perspective on Heart Failure Phenotypes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Simone Pasquale CrispinoDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0051-5253
Andrea SegretiDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-2631-8642
Vincenzo NafisioDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy.
Daniele ValenteDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0009-0008-2466-9821
Filippo CrisciDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy.
Aurora FerroDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy.
Ilaria CavallariDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy.
Annunziata NuscaDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy.
Gian Paolo UssiaDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-8849-3097
Francesco GrigioniDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), initially developed as antihyperglycemic agents, have revolutionized heart failure (HF) management, offering substantial benefits across all stages and phenotypes of the disease. Regardless of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), these agents have proven efficacy in both chronic and acute HF presentations. This review explores SGLT2i applications spanning the HF continuum, from early stages (Stage A) in at-risk individuals to the mitigation of progression in advanced HF (Stage D). Evidence from numerous trials has shown that SGLT2i significantly lower rates of HF hospitalization, improve renal function, and decreases cardiovascular mortality, highlighting their multifaced mechanisms of action in HF care. This review also highlights the potential mechanisms by which SGLT2i exert their beneficial effects on the cardiovascular and renal systems, each contributing to early and sustained clinical improvements. However, the integration of SGLT2i into guideline-directed medical therapy poses practical challenges, including initiation timing, dosing, and monitoring, which are addressed to support effective treatment adaptation across patient populations. Ultimately, this review provides a comprehensive assessment of SGLT2i as a foundational therapy in HF, emphasizing their role as an intervention across multiple stages aimed at improving outcomes across the entire HF spectrum.

Indexed as

acute heart failure (AHF)chronic heart failure (CHF)foundational therapyfour pillarsGDMTheart failure (HF)heart failure with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF)heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF)sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i)stage D heart failure

Identifiers

PMID40149587
PMCPMC11940307

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.