Evidence mapPaperPMID 40152069Full record

ReviewCNS neuroscience & therapeutics2025

Cognitive Sequelae of COVID-19: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Approaches.

Yu-Hao Chen, Jing-Shiun Jan, Chih-Hao Yang, Ting-Lin Yen, Tran Thanh Duy Linh, Saileela Annavajjula, Mantosh Kumar Satapathy, Shin-Yi Tsao, Cheng-Ying Hsieh

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. ACE2: Friend or Foe in Post-COVID-19 Neurodegeneration?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Yu-Hao ChenSection of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Ditmanson Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan.
Jing-Shiun JanDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chih-Hao YangDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Ting-Lin YenDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-1454-0521
Tran Thanh Duy LinhDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Saileela AnnavajjulaDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Mantosh Kumar SatapathyDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Shin-Yi TsaoDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Cheng-Ying HsiehDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Funding

Cathay General Hospital CGH-A10610Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital R113-020
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has left an indelible mark on the world, with mounting evidence suggesting that it not only posed acute challenges to global healthcare systems but has also unveiled a complex array of long-term consequences, particularly cognitive impairment (CI). As the persistence of post-COVID-19 neurological syndrome could evolve into the next public health crisis, it is imperative to gain a better understanding of the intricate pathophysiology of CI in COVID-19 patients and viable treatment strategies.

methodsThis comprehensive review explores the pathophysiology and management of cognitive impairment across the phases of COVID-19, from acute infection to Long-COVID, by synthesizing findings from clinical, preclinical, and mechanistic studies to identify key contributors to CI, as well as current therapeutic approaches.

resultsKey mechanisms contributing to CI include persistent neuroinflammation, cerebrovascular complications, direct neuronal injury, activation of the kynurenine pathway, and psychological distress. Both pharmacological interventions, such as anti-inflammatory therapies and agents targeting neuroinflammatory pathways, and non-pharmacological strategies, including cognitive rehabilitation, show promise in addressing these challenges. Although much of the current evidence is derived from preclinical and animal studies, these findings provide foundational insights into potential treatment approaches.

conclusionBy synthesizing current knowledge, this review highlights the importance of addressing COVID-19-related cognitive impairment and offers actionable insights for mitigation and recovery as the global community continues to grapple with the pandemic's long-term impact.

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionCOVID-19AnimalsHumansbraincognitive impairmentCOVID‐19pathophysiologypharmacological treatment

Identifiers

PMID40152069
PMCPMC11950837

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.