ArticleOphthalmology and therapy2025
Global, Regional, and National Burden of Trachoma: Cross-Country Inequalities, 1990-2021, with Projections to 2040.
Article in Ophthalmology and therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trachoma prevention practice and associated factors among mothers having children aged 1-9 years in Debre Markos Town, Northwestern Ethiopia, 2024.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Trachoma Prevalence and Associated WASH and Behavioral Risk Among Rural Communities of North Gondar Zone, Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of tropical medicine · 2026Article
- Network Pharmacology-Serum Metabolomics Integration Identifies Key Targets, Biomarkers and Mechanism of Sendeng-4 in Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Lessons from the elimination of trachoma in Senegal: implications for high-burden countries in sub-Saharan Africa.Tropical medicine and health · 2025Article
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5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionIn this work, we aim to evaluate the trends and cross-country inequalities of the global trachoma burden from 1990 to 2021 and to project its burden to 2040.
methodsThis study was a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases Study (GBD) 2021. Estimates for the prevalence and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of trachoma were extracted from the GBD 2021 database. Epidemiological characteristics of trachoma were reported at the global, regional, and national levels. Trend analysis, decomposition analysis, and health inequality analysis were used. The global trachoma burden was further projected to 2040 via Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis.
resultsGlobally, 1,414,047 people were estimated to have trachoma in 2021, with an age-standardized prevalence rate of 16.37 per 100,000 population. Between 1990 and 2021, the prevalent cases and DALY numbers of trachoma decreased by 30.2% and 34.4%, respectively. In 2021, Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa was the region, and Ethiopia was the country with the highest number of trachoma cases. Decomposition analysis revealed that the reduction in the global burden was attributed primarily to epidemiological changes. From 1990 to 2021, countries with lower sociodemographic indices (SDIs) disproportionately bore the heaviest burden. While the prevalence and DALY rates are projected to decrease from 2022 to 2040, the prevalent cases and DALY numbers are expected to increase.
conclusionsOver the past three decades, the global burden of trachoma has decreased significantly, but SDI-related inequalities among countries have persisted. Despite reductions in the prevalence rate, the number of patients with trachoma is projected to increase from 2022 to 2040. Our study provides valuable insights into the elimination of trachoma worldwide.
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