Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40159479›Full record

ArticleBMC medical research methodology2025

Navigating challenges in pediatric trial conduct: integrating bayesian sequential design with semiparametric elicitation for handling primary and secondary endpoints.

Danila Azzolina, Ileana Baldi, Silvia Bressan, Mohd Rashid Khan, Liviana Da Dalt, Dario Gregori, Paola Berchialla

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical research methodology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Danila AzzolinaDepartment of Environmental and Preventive Science, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
Ileana BaldiUnit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Loredan 18, Padova, 35131, Italy.
Silvia BressanDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Mohd Rashid KhanUnit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Loredan 18, Padova, 35131, Italy.
Liviana Da DaltDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Dario GregoriUnit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Via Loredan 18, Padova, 35131, Italy. dario.gregori@unipd.it.
Paola BerchiallaDepartment of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study presents a Bayesian Adaptive Semiparametric approach designed to address the challenges of pediatric randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The study focuses on efficiently handling primary and secondary endpoints, a critical aspect often overlooked in pediatric trials. This methodology is particularly pertinent in scenarios where sparse or conflicting prior data are present, a common occurrence in pediatric research, particularly for rare diseases or conditions.

methodOur approach considers Bayesian adaptive design, enhanced with B-Spline Semiparametric priors, allowing for the dynamic updating of priors with ongoing data. This improves the efficiency and accuracy of the treatment effect estimation. The Semiparametric prior inherent flexibility makes it suitable for pediatric populations, where responses to treatment can be highly variable. The design operative characteristics were assessed through a simulation study, motivated by the real-world case of the REnal SCarring Urinary infEction Trial (RESCUE).

resultWe demonstrate that Semiparametric prior parametrization exhibits an improved tendency to correctly declare the treatment effect at the study conclusion, even if recruitment challenges, uncertainty, and prior-data conflict arise. Moreover, the Semiparametric prior design demonstrates an improved ability in truly stopping for futility, with this tendency varying with the sample size and discontinuation rates. Approaches based on Parametric priors are more effective in detecting treatment efficacy during interim assessments, particularly with larger sample sizes.

conclusionOur findings indicate that these methods are especially effective in managing the complexities of pediatric trials, where prior data may be limited or contradictory. The flexibility of Semiparametric prior design in incorporating new evidence proves advantageous in addressing recruitment challenges and making informed decisions with restricted data.

Indexed as

Endpoint DeterminationPediatricsRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicResearch DesignAlgorithmsBayes TheoremChildComputer SimulationHumansUrinary Tract InfectionsBayesian trialMultiple endpointsPediatric trialPrior ElicitationSemiparametric priorSequential design

Identifiers

PMID40159479
PMCPMC11956446

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.