ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2025
Change in Feeding and Swallowing Function in Elderly Patients with Isolated Hospitalization for COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundIsolation was implemented for elderly patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which interrupted care including oral intake support.
objectiveTo assess the changes in feeding and swallowing function measured by the functional oral intake scale (FOIS) and their association with post-discharge mortality in elderly COVID-19 patients.
designSingle-center retrospective cohort study.
participantsWe included patients aged ≥ 65 years and admitted for COVID-19 between December 1, 2021 and March 31, 2023. Those with FOIS before onset (pre-FOIS) 1-3 were excluded. MAIN MEASURES: We measured FOIS (1-7, 1: no oral intake, 7: normal) before onset and at discharge, and assessed mortality for 180 days after onset. The primary outcome was decrease in FOIS during hospitalization; in-hospital mortality was assumed as 4-level decreases in FOIS. The secondary outcome was 180-day mortality. Association of each pre-FOIS (6, 5, 4) relative to pre-FOIS 7 with the primary outcome was estimated as adjusted common odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Association of decreases in FOIS with 180-day mortality was assessed with Kaplan-Meier curve. KEY
resultsWe included 337 patients whose median age was 81 years, and 56% of them were men. The distribution of pre-FOIS was 7 (190 patients), 6 (89), 5 (40), and 4 (18). The severity of COVID-19 was generally similar among pre-FOIS levels. The pre-FOIS was significantly associated with decreases in FOIS: adjusted common OR 2.23 [95%CI 1.27-3.92] for pre-FOIS 6, 2.96 [1.46-6.05] for pre-FOIS 5, 2.89 [1.14-7.40] for pre-FOIS 4. The degree of decrease in FOIS was significantly associated with 180-day mortality: no decrease, 4.7%; 1-level decrease, 1.2%; 2-level decrease, 27.9%; 3-level decrease, 46.0%.
conclusionsLower pre-FOIS was associated with further decreases in FOIS in elderly patients who were isolated due to COVID-19, and the degree of decrease was further associated with post-discharge mortality.
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