ReviewNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2025
Effects of Crocus sativus and its active constituents on cytochrome P450: a review.
Review in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Pharmacological risks of khat-oral antidiabetic drug interactions among patients at Gondar university referral hospital.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes play an important role in the biotransformation of drugs and endogenous substances. Clinical medications and herbal remedies can either enhance or inhibit the activity of CYP enzymes, leading to potential drug interactions between herbal supplements and prescribed medications. Such interactions can lead to serious consequences, especially for drugs with a narrow therapeutic index, such as digoxin, warfarin, and cyclosporine A. In this review article, we provide an updated review of the impact of saffron, and its active constituents, safranal and crocin, on the 12 major human CYP enzymes and possible drug interactions between saffron and prescription drugs. The available evidence indicates that saffron and its active constituents affect the expression or activity of some CYP isoforms, including the CYP1A1/2, CYP3A4, and CYP2E1 subfamily. Considering the important role of these CYPs in the biotransformation of frequently prescribed medications and the activation of procarcinogen into carcinogenic metabolites, it can be expected that the consumption of saffron and its active constituents may influence the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of several substances. In particular, given the critical role of CYP3A4 in drug metabolism, and saffron's inhibitory impact on this CYP enzyme, it appears that saffron's most significant interaction is linked to its inhibition of CYP3A4. In addition, the inhibitory effect of saffron on CYP1A1/2, and CYP2E1 expression can play a role in the chemopreventive effect of this herbal medicine. Additional research is crucial for evaluating the clinical significance of these interactions in patients who consume saffron along with prescription drugs and determining the dose that can lead to drug interactions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40167627What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.