SynthesisBMC nutrition2025
Mediterranean diet and diabetic microvascular complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Observational
- Review
- Glycemic Control, Animal Protein Intake, and the Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy Progression Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Modulating the Gut-Nerve Axis and Inflammation: A Narrative Review of Dietary Patterns in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Review
- Systemic strategies to prevent early diabetic retinopathy: targeting polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism and eicosanoid signaling.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- [Diabetic retinopathy and risk modification through diet and dietary supplements].Die Ophthalmologie · 2025Review
- From metabolic dysregulation to neurodegenerative pathology: the role of hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and blood-brain barrier breakdown in T2D-driven Alzheimer's disease.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
- Modulation of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Retinopathy: Therapeutic Role of Natural Polyphenols.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Preventive Power of the Mediterranean Diet Against Blue-Light-Induced Retinal Degeneration: Is the Secret in the Herbs and Spices?Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Environmental and social determinants of cardiovascular risk in women with type 2 diabetes: a life-course perspective.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundDiabetic microvascular complications, including diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic nephropathy (DN), and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), contribute significantly to morbidity and healthcare burdens among individuals with diabetes. The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been associated with improved metabolic health, but its role in mitigating microvascular complications remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the impact of MD adherence on the risk and progression of these complications.
methodsA comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus was conducted through February 12, 2025 to identify studies evaluating MD adherence and diabetic microvascular complications. Meta-analysis was performed where possible, with effect sizes reported as odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
resultsFourteen studies, encompassing 138 to 71,392 participants, were included. Meta-analysis indicated a significant reduction in DR risk among individuals adhering to the MD (HR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.49-0.97, p = 0.03; OR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.12-0.82, p = 0.02). A lower likelihood of DN development was observed (HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.73-0.99, p = 0.04; OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.25-0.96, p = 0.04). However, results for diabetic neuropathy were inconclusive due to study heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses revealed notable heterogeneity and publication bias was detected in some analyses.
conclusionAdherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a reduced risk of diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy, supporting its potential as a dietary intervention for diabetes management. However, the evidence for neuropathy remains inconclusive. Future well-controlled randomized trials are needed to strengthen causal inferences and refine clinical recommendations for MD-based interventions in diabetic microvascular complications.
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