ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2025
Association between plain water intake and the risk of osteoporosis among middle-aged and elderly people in the United States: a cross-sectional study.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: The connection between plain water intake (PWI) and osteoporosis risk is still unclear. The investigation aimed to identify the relationship between PWI and osteoporosis risk in middle-aged and elderly individuals in the United States (US). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among participants aged 50 years and older in the following waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): 2007-2008, 2009-2010, 2013-2014, and 2017-2018. The relationship between PWI and osteoporosis risk was examined by multivariable logistic regression models, accompanied by subgroup analyses and interaction tests. Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis were utilized. Results: The present investigation included 6,686 participants. In accordance with the fully adjusted model, individuals in the highest PWI tertile had a significantly reduced risk of osteoporosis in contrast to those in the lowest tertile [odds ratio (OR) = 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.49-0.77; Conclusion: The outcomes of our investigation indicated that among middle-aged and older US adults, a higher PWI was connected with a moderately reduced osteoporosis risk. Managing PWI might reduce the osteoporosis risk.
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