Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40171881›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2025

Establishing Screening Programs for Presymptomatic Type 1 Diabetes: Practical Guidance for Diabetes Care Providers.

Steven B Leichter, Jamie L Felton, Cristy Geno Rasmussen, Patrick Rizzuto, Natalie Bellini, Osagie Ebekozien, Rifka Schulman-Rosenbaum

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Observational
  4. Review
  5. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Pathogenesis: Mechanisms, Early Diagnostic Strategies, and Emerging Therapeutic Approaches.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Steven B LeichterPiedmont Endocrinology Columbus, Columbus, GA 31904, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0784-7605
Jamie L FeltonDepartment of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6170-1156
Cristy Geno RasmussenImplementation Science Department, Medstar Health Research Institute, Columbia, MD 21044, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0202-4140
Patrick RizzutoDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.ORCID 0009-0007-9998-6293
Natalie BelliniDepartment of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.ORCID 0009-0005-4439-7374
Osagie EbekozienT1D Exchange, Boston, MA 02110, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8473-249X
Rifka Schulman-RosenbaumDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4604-0879

Funding

Diabetes-Docs: Physician-Scientist Career Development Program (DiabDocs)K12DK133995 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI LINDA A DIMEGLIO, David Matthew Maahs · 2022 to 2026
$16.0M
Ann ToddNIDDK NIH HHS K12 DK133995Sanofi US
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease with 2 presymptomatic stages (stages 1 and 2) that precede its clinical onset (stage 3). The presymptomatic stages of T1D are characterized by circulating autoantibodies that can be reliably detected by autoantibody screening panels. Identifying people in the presymptomatic stages of T1D can allow for monitoring and prevention of diabetic ketoacidosis. A disease-modifying therapy that has been shown to delay onset of stage 3 T1D is now also available for individuals with stage 2 disease, highlighting the importance of early detection. This intervention may delay the onset of stage 3 T1D. Updated guidance and protocols are needed to integrate autoantibody screening into standard practice. This report provides guidance for endocrinology providers on establishing clinical autoantibody screening programs within their practices, institutions, healthcare networks, and/or communities. Key steps include nominating a champion for the program, building a team to implement screening, and motivating other providers to participate. Implementation of screening requires standardizing several steps in the screening process, including communicating with individuals at risk, integrating screening into existing workflows, and streamlining logistics such as ordering and coding for autoantibody panels. Providers must have a plan to interpret and communicate results and to ensure that individuals may be appropriately followed in the future. Here, common barriers to screening are addressed, and practical solutions to facilitate the adoption and success of screening initiatives are offered.

Indexed as

AutoantibodiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diagnostic Screening ProgramsMass ScreeningEarly DiagnosisHealth PersonnelHumansPractice Guidelines as TopicAutoantibodiesautoantibodyautoimmuneendocrinologyscreeningtype 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID40171881
PMCPMC12261085

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.