ArticleJAMA psychiatry2025
Functional vs Structural Cortical Deficit Pattern Biomarkers for Major Depressive Disorder.
Article in JAMA psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Transdiagnostic mapping of common and specific regional homogeneity alterations across affective and psychotic disorders.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- The cross-site reproducibility of MRI morphometric phenotypes in psychiatric disorders.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Metabolic-Brain Functional Coupling Mechanism Underlying iTBS Treatment for Adolescent Depression.Alpha psychiatry · 2026Article
- Brainwide Structural Markers of Familial and Clinical Risk for Bipolar Disorder in Youth.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2026Article
- Multimodal fusion of brain imaging and proteomics reveals a brain-body pathway linking depression and metabolic dysfunction.Psychological medicine · 2026Article
- The association between spatiotemporal coupling of default mode network and behaviors is specifically modulated by peripheral inflammation in major depressive disorder.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Personalized functional topography-based multisite brain age prediction modeling reveals divergent neurodevelopment in major depression.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Abnormal regional spontaneous brain activity in major depressive disorder with obesity comorbidity: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.World journal of psychiatry · 2026Article
- Aberrant local and global neural activation patterns in pediatric Prader-Willi syndrome.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Molecular, Structural, and Functional Neuroimaging in Major Depression.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on patients with post-stroke insomnia: a randomized controlled trial protocol.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
24 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Importance: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe mental illness characterized more by functional rather than structural brain abnormalities. The pattern of regional homogeneity (ReHo) deficits in MDD may relate to underlying regional hypoperfusion. Capturing this functional deficit pattern provides a brain pattern-based biomarker for MDD that is linked to the underlying pathophysiology. Objective: To examine whether cortical ReHo patterns provide a replicable biomarker for MDD that is more sensitive than reduced cortical thickness and evaluate whether the ReHo MDD deficit pattern reflects regional cerebral blood flow (RCBF) deficit patterns in MDD and whether a regional vulnerability index (RVI) thus constructed may provide a concise brain pattern-based biomarker for MDD. Design, Settings, and Participants: The UK Biobank (UKBB) participants had ReHo and structural measurements. Participants from the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics Through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium were included for measuring the MDD structural cortical deficit pattern. The UKBB ReHo and ENIGMA cortical thickness effect sizes for MDD were used to test the deficit patterns in the Amish Connectome Project (ACP) with ReHo, structural, and RCBF data. Finally, the Ament Clinic Inc (ACI) sample had RCBF data measured using single-photon emission computed tomography. Data were analyzed from August 2021 to September 2024. Exposures: ReHo and structural measurements. Results: Included in this analysis were 4 datasets: (1) UKBB (N = 4810 participants; 2220 with recurrent MDD and 2590 controls; mean [SD] age, 63.0 [7.5] years; 1121 female [50%]), (2) ENIGMA (N = 10 115 participants; 2148 with MDD and 7957 healthy controls; mean [SD] age, 39.9 [10.0] years; 5927 female [59%]), (3) ACP (N = 204 participants; 68 with a lifetime diagnosis of MDD and 136 controls; mean [SD] age, 41.0 [14.5] years; 104 female [51%]), and (4) ACI (N = 372 participants; 296 with recurrent MDD and 76 controls; mean [SD] age, 45.3 [17.2] years; 189 female [51%]). MDD participants had lower cortical ReHo in the cingulum, superior temporal lobe, frontal lobe, and several other areas, with no significant differences in cortical thickness. The regional pattern of ReHo MDD effect sizes was significantly correlated with that of RCBF obtained from 2 independent datasets (Pearson r = 0.52 and Pearson r = 0.46; P < 10-4). ReHo and RCBF functional RVIs showed numerically stronger effect sizes (Cohen d = 0.33-0.90) compared with structural RVIs (Cohen d = 0.09-0.20). Elevated ReHo-based RVI-MDD values in individuals with MDD were associated with higher depression symptom severity across cohorts. Conclusions and Relevance: Results of this case-control study suggest that the ReHo MDD deficit pattern reflected cortical hypoperfusion and was regionally specific in MDD. ReHo-based RVI may serve as a sensitive functional biomarker for MDD.
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