Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40176716›Full record

ReviewCurrent diabetes reviews2026

Review: Fructose, the Sweet Culprit behind Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes.

Abdullah Y Otayf, Gaurav Agarwal, Muzaynah Al Khairat, Elham Ahmed Khormi, Hamzah Hassan Alnemi, Ahmad Ali Alhazmi, Khalid Abutawil, Shilpi Agarwal

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current diabetes reviews, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Abdullah Y OtayfDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 82817, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0009-0001-3565-6013
Gaurav AgarwalDepartment of Pharmacy, PIET, Panipat, Haryana, India.ORCID 0000-0002-9485-8563
Muzaynah Al KhairatDepartment of Nutrition Science, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Howard University, District of Colombia, WashingtonDC 20059, United States.
Elham Ahmed KhormiDepartment of Nursing, Primary Health Care Center, Al-Khashabiya, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Hamzah Hassan AlnemiDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmad Ali AlhazmiDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, King Faisal Medical City, Ministry of Health, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Khalid AbutawilDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 82817, Saudi Arabia.
Shilpi AgarwalDepartment of Applied Sciences, Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panipat, Haryana, India.ORCID 0009-0003-3400-4771

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The composition of the diet has altered over the past few decades, with a significant increase in the consumption of dietary sugars, particularly fructose, which has risen more than tenfold. This elevated consumption of fructose and sugars is considered to be one of the major risk aspects for the emergence of obesity and other metabolic disorders. In this review, we discuss the correlation between insulin resistance and NAFLD (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease) due to dietary fructose intake. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is spreading quickly over the world and has epidemic proportions. The risk of both hepatic and metabolic abnormalities is increased by their connection, founded on shared metabolic risk factors such as obesity, (IR) Insulin Resistance, and an unhealthy standard of living. This review highlights the prevalence of coexisting T2DM (Type 2 diabetes) and NAFLD (Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease) in the community. In summary, the key pathophysiological pathways and risk stratification algorithms for the onset of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes have been covered.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2FructoseNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseHumansInsulin ResistancePrevalenceRisk FactorsFructosedietary fructosedietary sugarsfructoseInsulin resistancenonalcoholic fatty liver diseasenon-alcoholic steatohepatitistype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.