ReviewFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2025
Beyond antibiotics: exploring multifaceted approaches to combat bacterial resistance in the modern era: a comprehensive review.
Review in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Differential modulation of gentamicin antibacterial activity by vitamin B12 and vitamin D3 against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria: anAnnals of medicine · 2026Article
- Current and emerging antibacterial strategies for periprosthetic joint infection: An overview.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Antibiotic-Free Strategies for Managing Antimicrobial-Resistant Infections.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Genomic and phenotypic characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae phage KP Ø1: a novel lytic Slopekvirus targeting uropathogenic multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Bacteria-Responsive Nanostructured Drug Delivery Systems for Targeted Antimicrobial Therapy.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Synergistic potential of probiotics and bacteriophages in combating multidrug-resistant microbial infections: A novel therapeutic strategy for the post-antibiotic era.New microbes and new infections · 2026Review
- Novel Therapeutic Approaches and Alternatives to Antibiotic Therapy for Drug-Resistant Intra-Abdominal Infections.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Engineering host‑defense peptides enhanced by artificial intelligence and nano delivery systems to overcome biofilms and antimicrobial resistance.Engineering microbiology · 2026Review
- Multidrug-ResistantPolish journal of microbiology · 2026Review
- Drug repurposing: antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of MLS0315771 against Gram-positive bacteria.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Innovative Approaches to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance: A Review of Emerging Therapies and Technologies.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Synergistic Immunoenhancement of Recombinant PBP2a Vaccine Candidate by Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles and MF59 Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus.Current microbiology · 2026Article
- Antibacterial Immunotherapy: Mechanistic Insights, Emerging Therapeutic Strategies, and Clinical Translation.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Isolation, Characterization, and Optimization of Antimicrobial Proteinaceous Compounds Produced byInternational journal of microbiology · 2026Article
- Nano-enabled disruption of bacterial virulence and communication in plant pathosystems: emerging strategies for sustainable disease management.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Review
- Cell-Free but potent: Antimicrobial potential of Lactobacillus supernatants against multidrug-resistant pathogens.PloS one · 2026Article
- The gut-liver axis in animal diseases: roles, mechanisms, and veterinary clinical applications.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- Biofilm-associated antibiotic tolerance in the era of multidrug resistance: quorum-sensing mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Comparative study of targeted next-generation sequencing and traditional pathogen detection methods in lower respiratory tract infections: impact on patient outcomes.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Antibacterial and Antifungal Properties ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antibiotics represent one of the most significant medical breakthroughs of the twentieth century, playing a critical role in combating bacterial infections. However, the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance has become a major global health crisis, significantly complicating treatment protocols. This paper provides a narrative review of the current state of antibiotic resistance, synthesizing findings from primary research and comprehensive review articles to examine the various mechanisms bacteria employ to counteract antibiotics. One of the primary sources of antibiotic resistance is the improper use of antibiotics in the livestock industry. The emergence of drug-resistant microorganisms from human activities and industrial livestock production has presented significant environmental and public health concerns. Today, resistant nosocomial infections occur following long-term hospitalization of patients, causing the death of many people, so there is an urgent need for alternative treatments. In response to this crisis, non-antibiotic therapeutic strategies have been proposed, including bacteriophages, probiotics, postbiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), nanoparticles (NPs), antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), antibodies, traditional medicines, and the toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. While these approaches offer innovative solutions for addressing bacterial infections and preserving the efficacy of antimicrobial therapies, challenges such as safety, cost-effectiveness, regulatory hurdles, and large-scale implementation remain. This review examines the potential and limitations of these strategies, offering a balanced perspective on their role in managing bacterial infections and mitigating the broader impact of antibiotic resistance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.