Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40177452›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Health Costs and Quality of Life Among Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients in South India: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Trupti Bodhare, Samir Bele, Balakumaran B, Ramji M, Gavin Francis J, Shalini V, Thendral Muthiah, Bharath Rajh

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Role of Biomarkers in Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Trupti BodhareCommunity and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Madurai, Madurai, IND.
Samir BeleCommunity Medicine, Velammal Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Madurai, IND.
Balakumaran BCommunity Medicine, Velammal Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Madurai, IND.
Ramji MCommunity Medicine, Velammal Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Madurai, IND.
Gavin Francis JCommunity Medicine, Velammal Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Madurai, IND.
Shalini VCommunity Medicine, Velammal Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Madurai, IND.
Thendral MuthiahCommunity Medicine, Velammal Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Madurai, IND.
Bharath RajhCommunity Medicine, Velammal Medical College Hospital & Research Institute, Madurai, IND.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe financial burden of managing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) can lead to catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) and financial hardship, ultimately impacting the quality of life (QoL) of patients. The relationship between healthcare costs and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is critical for understanding the broader implications on patients' physical, psychological, and social well-being. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted among DFU patients selected using convenient sampling. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to assess patients' socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. HRQoL was assessed using the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36).

resultsThe sample population was 173 patients, including 125 (72.3%) male and 48 (27.7%) female patients. The mean age was 57.80 ± 10.51 years. The total out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) amounted to Rs. 89317.51 ± 150378.81 ($1134.33 ± 1909.81). Around 81 (46.8%) patients were experiencing CHE. The socioeconomic status, duration of diabetes, and severity of wounds significantly influence the likelihood of experiencing CHE (p < 0.05). Lower QoL scores were obtained in the domain of physical functioning (37.23 ± 23.26), role physical (17.34 ± 30.55), and role emotional (18.11 ± 32.64). Gender, occupational status, comorbidities, wound duration, Wagner's grading of ulcers, and CHE significantly impact various domains of HRQoL (p < 0.05).

conclusionThe substantial healthcare costs of managing DFUs can result in financial strain, negatively influencing patients' QoL. Therefore, it is essential to focus on both the financial implications of diabetes management and the enhancement of patients' QoL to achieve better health outcomes.

Indexed as

catastrophic health expendituresdiabetic foot ulcerhealth-related quality of lifeout-of-pocket expenditurepatients

Identifiers

PMID40177452
PMCPMC11963437

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.