Evidence mapPaperPMID 40179388Full record

ArticleJMIR infodemiology2025

Appropriateness of Web-Based Resources for Home Blood Pressure Measurement and Their Alignment With Guideline Recommendations, Readability, and End User Involvement: Environmental Scan of Web-Based Resources.

Eleanor Clapham, Dean Picone, Samuel Carmichael, Carissa Bonner, Niamh Chapman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR infodemiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Eleanor ClaphamSchool of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0009-0008-4684-3552
Dean PiconeSchool of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-4760-1634
Samuel CarmichaelSchool of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0009-0003-3952-096X
Carissa BonnerMenzies Centre for Health Policy & Economics, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-4797-6460
Niamh ChapmanSchool of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-6317-5594

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHigh blood pressure (≥140/90 mm Hg) is the most prominent mortality risk factor worldwide. Home blood pressure measurement (HBPM) is recommended for blood pressure (BP) management. HBPM is most effective to improve BP management when delivered with patient education. It is unknown whether web-based resources are appropriate for patient education for HBPM. Patient education should provide accurate, evidence-based information, communicate at an eighth grade reading level, and involve end users in development to meet the needs of adults of all health literacy levels. Using these criteria, this study aimed to determine the appropriateness of web-based HBPM resources.

objectiveThis study aimed to determine whether web-based resources are appropriate for HBPM education based on three research questions: (1) Do web-based resources provide evidence-based information that aligns with guideline recommendations? (2) Do they communicate at an appropriate reading level? (3) Do they involve end users in their development?

methodsAn environmental scan of web-based resources for HBPM was conducted on Google (October 2022) using search terms developed with consumers (n=6). Resources were included if they were identified on the first page of the search findings, not paywalled, and in English. Resource appropriateness was appraised based on three criteria: (1) alignment of resource content to 23 recommendations for HBPM from 6 international guidelines, (2) being at an appropriate grade reading level as determined by a health literacy assessment software, and (3) having evidence of end user involvement in resource development.

resultsNone of the identified resources (n=24) aligned with all 23 of the guideline recommendations. All resources aligned with the recommendation to measure BP when seated, while few aligned with the recommendation to use a validated BP device (n=9, 38%). All resources exceeded the recommended eighth grade reading level (mean 11.8, range 8.8-17.0) and none reported evidence of patient end user involvement in development.

conclusionsNone of the web-based resources met the criteria for appropriate education to support adults to measure BP at home. Resources should be developed with end users using health literacy tools and multimodal communication methods to ensure they are appropriate to meet the needs of patients.

Indexed as

Blood Pressure Monitoring, AmbulatoryHealth LiteracyHypertensionInternetPatient Education as TopicAdultComprehensionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPractice Guidelines as Topicblood pressure guidelineseducational resourceend userhome blood pressure measurementhypertensiononline resourcespatient educationreadabilityself-education

Identifiers

PMID40179388
PMCPMC12006778

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.