Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40186136›Full record

ArticleBMC psychiatry2025

Associations between amino acid levels and autism spectrum disorder severity.

Jing Li, Panpan Zhai, Liangliang Bi, Ying Wang, Xiaoqing Yang, Yueli Yang, Nan Li, Weili Dang, Gang Feng, Pei Li and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Jing Li *Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
Panpan Zhai *Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
Liangliang BiDepartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
Ying WangDepartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
Xiaoqing YangDepartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
Yueli YangDepartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
Nan LiBeijing Fuyou Longhui Genetic Disease Clinic, Beijing, Beijing, 100070, China.
Weili DangDepartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China. dangweili142@163.com.
Gang FengDepartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China. drfenggang036@163.com.
Pei LiBeijing Fuyou Longhui Genetic Disease Clinic, Beijing, Beijing, 100070, China.
Yuan LiuBeijing Fuyou Longhui Genetic Disease Clinic, Beijing, Beijing, 100070, China.
Qiushuang ZhangDepartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
Xiaofeng MeiDepartment of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.

Funding

Doctoral Research Start up Fund of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2022 2022BSJJ2001Henan Province traditional Chinese medicine double first class to create a special project for scientific research in 2023 HSRP-DFCTCM-2023-5-08Research Project of National Clinical Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Henan Provincial Health Commission in 2022 2022JDZX113
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) imposes a significant burden on both patients and society. Amino acid metabolism abnormalities are particularly relevant to ASD pathology due to their crucial role in neurotransmitter synthesis, synaptic function, and overall neurodevelopment. This study aims to explore the association between amino acid metabolic abnormalities and the severity of ASD by analyzing the amino acid concentrations in the blood of children with ASD.

methodsFasting peripheral blood samples were collected from 344 children with ASD, and amino acid concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) while strictly following quality control measures. The association between amino acid concentrations and ASD severity was evaluated using logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis. The ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration curve were used to construct and validate predictive models and nomograms, thereby assessing their predictive performance.

resultsMultivariate logistic regression analysis showed that aspartic acid (OR = 1.037, 95% CI: 1.009-1.068, P = 0.01), glutamic acid (OR = 1.009, 95% CI: 1.001-1.017, P = 0.03), phenylalanine (OR = 1.036, 95% CI: 1.003-1.072, P = 0.04), and leucine/isoleucine (OR = 1.021, 95% CI: 1.006-1.039, P = 0.01) were significantly positively correlated with the severity of ASD. On the other hand, tryptophan (OR = 0.935, 95% CI: 0.903-0.965, P < 0.01) and valine (OR = 0.987, 95% CI: 0.977-0.997, P = 0.01) were significantly negatively correlated with the severity of ASD. RCS analysis further revealed a nonlinear relationship between the concentrations of aspartic acid, proline, and glutamic acid and the risk of ASD. ROC curve analysis showed that the combined model achieved an AUC (area under the curve) of 0.806, indicating high diagnostic accuracy. Calibration and decision curve analysis further validated the predictive effectiveness and clinical utility of the model.

conclusionsThis study identifies potential amino acid biomarkers that may contribute to ASD severity assessment. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore their clinical utility.

Indexed as

Amino AcidsAutism Spectrum DisorderChildChild, PreschoolChromatography, LiquidFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleROC CurveSeverity of Illness IndexTandem Mass SpectrometryAmino AcidsAmino acid metabolismAutism spectrum disorderEarly diagnosisGlutamic acidRestricted cubic spline analysisRisk assessment

Identifiers

PMID40186136
PMCPMC11969702

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.