Evidence mapPaperPMID 40186206Full record

SynthesisBMC public health2025

Prevalence of anemia in India: a systematic review, meta-analysis and geospatial analysis.

Jyothika Jeevan, Kalesh M Karun, Amitha Puranik, C Deepa, Lintu Mk, Manish Barvaliya

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jyothika JeevanDepartment of Health Systems Research, ICMR - National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka, 590010, India.
Kalesh M KarunDepartment of Health Systems Research, ICMR - National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka, 590010, India. karun.mk@icmr.gov.in.
Amitha PuranikDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK.
C DeepaDepartment of Health Systems Research, ICMR - National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka, 590010, India.
Lintu MkDepartment of Data Science, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
Manish BarvaliyaDepartment of Health Systems Research, ICMR - National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka, 590010, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAnemia is a major health concern in India, ranking second in maternal mortality and exhibits a higher prevalence compared to many other developing nations. This study aims to analyze prevalence of anemia across age groups using systematic review and meta-analysis.

methodsThe present systematic review and meta-analysis includes cross-sectional studies from 1995 to 2023, reporting prevalence of anemia in India. Two authors independently screened and extracted data from relevant articles sourced from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and model selection was based on observed heterogeneity (I

resultsAcross 157 studies, the prevalence of anemia varied among different age groups and regions in India. Toddlers (under 3 years) had a 69% prevalence, with highest in the Eastern (87%) and lowest in the Northern (50%) regions. Pre-school children (3-5 years) had a 64% prevalence, exhibiting 85% and 37% in the Central and the North-Eastern regions, respectively. Among the school going children, the overall prevalence was 51.2%. The highest prevalence at 83.9% was seen in the North-Eastern regions, while the Central regions had the lowest prevalence at 40%. An overall prevalence of 53% was observed among individuals aged 19-59 years. The Northern region exhibited the highest prevalence (64%) and the lowest in the North-Eastern (39%) regions in this age group. Elderly individuals had a prevalence between 52 to 68%, with the highest in the Eastern (65%) and the lowest in the North-Eastern (44%) regions.

conclusionsAnemia prevalence was highest among toddlers and lowest among school children, with notable regional variations. Cumulative meta-analysis uncovered both consistent and increasing trends across various age groups. This meta-analysis provides essential insights for effective strategies against persistence of anemia prevalence.

trial registrationPROSPERO registration number is CRD42023431577.

Indexed as

AnemiaAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansIndiaInfantMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceSpatial AnalysisYoung AdultAnemiaGeospatial analysisIndiaMeta-analysisPrevalenceSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID40186206
PMCPMC11969930

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.