Evidence mapPaperPMID 40195601Full record

ArticleRenal failure2025

Machine learning algorithms for diabetic kidney disease risk predictive model of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Lu-Xi Zou, Xue Wang, Zhi-Li Hou, Ling Sun, Jiang-Tao Lu

Abstract read
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Article in Renal failure, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

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11citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  8. Predictive efficacy assessment of serum βAmerican journal of translational research · 2025
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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Lu-Xi ZouSchool of Management, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Xue WangXuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Zhi-Li HouXuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Ling SunXuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.ORCID 0000-0002-5276-1309
Jiang-Tao LuDepartment of Information, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common and serious complication of diabetic mellitus (DM). More sensitive methods for early DKD prediction are urgently needed. This study aimed to set up DKD risk prediction models based on machine learning algorithms (MLAs) in patients with type 2 DM (T2DM).

methodsThe electronic health records of 12,190 T2DM patients with 3-year follow-ups were extracted, and the dataset was divided into a training and testing dataset in a 4:1 ratio. The risk variables for DKD development were ranked and selected to establish forecasting models. The performance of models was further evaluated by the indexes of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy, as well as F1 score, using the testing dataset. The value of accuracy was used to select the optimal model.

resultsUsing the importance ranking in the random forest package, the variables of age, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, serum cystatin C, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and neutrophil percentage were selected as the predictors for DKD onset. Among the seven forecasting models constructed by MLAs, the accuracy of the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) model was the highest, indicated that the LightGBM algorithms might perform the best for predicting 3-year risk of DKD onset.

conclusionsOur study could provide powerful tools for early DKD risk prediction, which might help optimize intervention strategies and improve the renal prognosis in T2DM patients.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic NephropathiesMachine LearningAdultAgedAlgorithmsChinaCreatinineCystatin CEast Asian PeopleElectronic Health RecordsFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHumansMaleMiddle AgedCreatinineCystatin Cdiabetes mellitusdiabetic kidney diseaseforecastingMachine learningstatistical models

Identifiers

PMID40195601
PMCPMC11983574

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.