SynthesisFrontiers in oral health2025
Prognostic significance of IL-33 and ST2 expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Frontiers in oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- [Effect of interleukin-33 on glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in mice].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory mediators IL-33, soluble ST2, IL-10, IFN-Frontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- Dual targeting of PD-1/PD-L1 and iL-33/ST2 signalling pathways: a promising approach in breast cancer immunotherapy.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Simultaneous Investigation of sST2, IL-33, and Caspase-3 Serum Levels in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: Interleukin-33 (IL-33) and Suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) expression are strongly associated with tumor growth and progression in diverse cancers, indicating the possibility of targeting the IL-33/ST2 axis pathway as a favorable therapeutic approach. However, the specific implications of IL-33/ST2 expression in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) prognosis are not fully understood. Thus, there is a need for more comprehensive research to verify the tasks and clinical significance of IL-33 and ST2 in HNSCC. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of differentially expressed IL-33 and ST2 in tumor tissues that could serve as novel biomarkers in HNSCC. Material & methods: The Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed electronic databases were searched and analyzed from January 2013 to July 2023. Results: Nine studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria were analyzed. These selected studies were mainly having observational analytical study design, predominantly conducted within the Southeast Asian population. IL-33, primarily located in the stroma, demonstrates enhanced expression within carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Overexpression of IL-33 in CAFs correlates with its expression in tumor cells, as per some of these reports. Elevated IL-33 levels in CAFs are associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes. Increased IL-33 expression is related to poor nodal metastasis-free survival, indicating an adverse prognosis in HNSCC. In HNSCC, tumor cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs) expressed ST2. The degree of ST2 expression on Tregs corresponds to the abundance of IL-33 expressing CAFs. IL-33 increases the Tregs density and amplifies their suppressive capability. Poorer survival outcomes in HNSCC are linked to elevated ST2 expression in Tregs combined with the existence of IL-33-expressing CAFs. Conclusion: CAF-driven cancer invasiveness relies on IL-33 signaling via paracrine and autocrine pathways. IL-33 may be a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target, aiming to improve prognosis and survival in HNSCC. The IL-33/ST2 axis significantly configures the tumor microenvironment and tumor aggressiveness in HNSCC. The role of serum IL33 and ST2 remains to be further studied in HNSCC. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/i, identifier (CRD42023447963).
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