ReviewBrain and behavior2025
Effects of Midazolam and Dexmedetomidine on Cognitive Dysfunction Following Open-Heart Surgery: A Comprehensive Review.
Review in Brain and behavior, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Dexmedetomidine for the prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Ketamine Versus Midazolam for Suicidality: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Brain and behavior · 2026Pooled it
- Comparing the efficacy of fospropofol with propofol and midazolam for goal-directed sedation in critically ill patients: a prospective, open-label, pilot, randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Trial
- Hybrid periventricular surgery for ventricular septal defects in children: a single-center large-cohort study in Kazakhstan.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposePatients undergoing open-heart surgery often face significant challenges in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). There has been growing interest in understanding how anesthesia medications, such as dexmedetomidine (DEX) and midazolam, impact cognitive function in these patients.
methodThis comprehensive review aims to detail the effect of DEX and midazolam on cognitive outcomes following open-heart surgery.
findingsMidazolam, a highly selective and commonly used benzodiazepine for preoperative anxiolytics and sedation has been associated with POCD. However, evidence regarding its impact on cognitive function is vague; some studies suggest a potential link between midazolam administration and cognitive impairment, while others report no effect or even an improvement in cognitive abilities. DEX is a potential neuroprotective agent in cardiac surgery. The effects of DEX on cognitive function, including a reduction in POCD incidence and severity, have been reported in several studies. It modulates the inflammatory responses, attenuates oxidative stress, and preserves cerebral perfusion. Although DEX and midazolam show promising results, their effects on cognitive function following open-heart surgery are yet to be elucidated.
conclusionVarious factors, including patient characteristics, perioperative management, and surgical procedures, may influence these outcomes, highlighting the need for further research to better understand the roles of these agents in cognitive function following open-heart surgery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.