Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40204952›Full record

ReviewCell death and differentiation2025

The BCL-2 protein family: from discovery to drug development.

Carlo M Croce, David Vaux, Andreas Strasser, Joseph T Opferman, Peter E Czabotar, Stephen W Fesik

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cell death and differentiation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. BCLXSignal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. A century of cell death research.Journal of cell science · 2026
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Carlo M CroceDepartment of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. Carlo.Croce@osumc.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-3788-1457
David VauxThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia. vaux@wehi.edu.au.ORCID 0000-0003-2703-1651
Andreas StrasserThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia. strasser@wehi.edu.au.ORCID 0000-0002-5020-4891
Joseph T OpfermanDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA. joseph.opferman@stjude.org.ORCID 0000-0002-1147-5621
Peter E CzabotarThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia. czabotar@wehi.edu.au.ORCID 0000-0002-2594-496X
Stephen W FesikDepartment of Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. Stephen.fesik@vanderbilt.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-5957-6192

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The landmark discovery of the BCL-2 gene and then its function marked the identification of inhibition of apoptotic cell death as a crucial novel mechanism driving cancer development and launched the quest to discover the molecular control of apoptosis. This work culminated in the generation of specific inhibitors that are now in clinical use, saving and improving tens of thousands of lives annually. Here, some of the original players of this story, describe the sequence of critical discoveries. The t(14;18) chromosomal translocation, frequently observed in follicular lymphoma, allowed the identification and the cloning of a novel oncogene (BCL-2) juxtaposed to the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene locus (IgH). Of note, BCL-2 acted in a distinct manner as compared to then already known oncogenic proteins like ABL and c-MYC. BCL-2 did not promote cell proliferation but inhibited cell death, as originally shown in growth factor dependent haematopoietic progenitor cell lines (e.g., FDC-P1) and in Eμ-Myc/Eμ-Bcl-2 double transgenic mice. Following a rapid expansion of the BCL-2 protein family, the Abbott Laboratories solved the first structure of BCL-XL and subsequently the BCL-XL/BAK peptide complex, opening the way to understanding the structures of other BCL-2 family members and, finally, to the generation of inhibitors of the different pro-survival BCL-2 proteins, thanks to the efforts of Servier/Norvartis, Genentech/WEHI, AbbVie, Amgen, Prelude and Gilead. Although the BCL-2 inhibitor Venetoclax is in clinical use and inhibitors of BCL-XL and MCL-1 are undergoing clinical trials, several questions remain on whether therapeutic windows can be achieved and what other agents should be used in combination with BH3 mimetics to achieve optimal therapeutic impact for cancer therapy. Finally, the control of the expression of BH3-only proteins and pro-survival BCL-2 family members needs to be better understood as this may identify novel targets for cancer therapy. This story is still not concluded!

Indexed as

Drug DevelopmentDrug DiscoveryProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2AnimalsAntineoplastic AgentsApoptosisHumansMiceAntineoplastic AgentsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2

Identifiers

PMID40204952
PMCPMC12325696

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.