Evidence mapPaperPMID 40206184Full record

ArticleObesity pillars2025

The association between hepatic steatosis, vitamin D status, and insulin resistance in adolescents with obesity.

Emir Tas, Amanda Flint, Ingrid Libman, Radhika Muzumdar, Xiawei Ou, David K Williams, Elisabet Børsheim, Eva C Diaz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Obesity pillars, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. MASLD In Children - A Distinct Phenotype?Current obesity reports · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Emir TasUPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
Amanda FlintUPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
Ingrid LibmanUPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
Radhika MuzumdarUPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
Xiawei OuArkansas Children's Research Institute, 13 Children's Way, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA.
David K WilliamsDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
Elisabet BørsheimCenter for Childhood Obesity Prevention, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, 13 Children's Way, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA.
Eva C DiazCenter for Childhood Obesity Prevention, Arkansas Children's Research Institute, 13 Children's Way, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Epidemiological studies suggest an inverse relationship between circulating 25-hydroxy-vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and insulin resistance (IR), yet interventional studies have yielded inconsistent findings. This study examined the relationship between changes in vitamin D status and markers of IR in adolescents, with a focus on the modifying effect of liver fat. Methods: A post-hoc analysis was performed using data from 44 adolescents participating in a 6-month observational study evaluating biomarkers of hepatosteatosis. Participants were categorized into two groups based on vitamin D status at the end of the observation period: those whose vitamin D levels increased or remained sufficient (VDI, n = 22) and those whose levels decreased or remained insufficient/deficient (VDD, n = 22). Liver fat percentage was measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fat-fraction, and IR was assessed using the updated Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA2-IR) and the triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL). Results: Across the cohort, liver fat was positively associated with HOMA2-IR (β = 0.08, p = 0.023). The association between changes in vitamin D status and HOMA2-IR trajectories was modified by liver fat but only in Hispanic adolescents (β = -0.18, p < 0.001). Among Hispanic adolescents in the VDD group, HOMA-IR worsened, particularly at higher levels of liver fat. In non-Hispanic adolescents, HOMA-IR increased in the VDD group (β = 0.65, p = 0.033) compared to the VDI group, independent of baseline liver fat. Across the cohort, changes in vitamin D status interacted with liver fat to influence TG/HDL trajectories (β = 0.20, p = 0.034). Conclusions: The metabolic response to changes in vitamin D status in adolescents with IR may vary based on racial and ethnic differences and liver fat status. These findings underscore the importance of considering liver fat and racial/ethnic background in vitamin D and metabolic health studies. Future research with more extensive and diverse cohorts spanning the fatty liver disease spectrum is needed to clarify these relationships.

Indexed as

HepatosteatosisInsulin resistanceMagnetic resonance imagingVitamin D

Identifiers

PMID40206184
PMCPMC11979404

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.