Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40207538›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2025

Dietary Intake of Protein by Food Source and Incident Hypertension Among Diverse US Adults: The MESA Study.

Ji Yun Tark, Ruosha Li, Bing Yu, Alexis C Wood, Nikhil S Padhye, Marcia C de Oliveira Otto

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ji Yun TarkDepartment of Epidemiology The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health Houston TX USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3233-5967
Ruosha LiDepartment of Biostatistics and Data Science The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health Houston TX USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3595-4392
Bing YuDepartment of Epidemiology The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health Houston TX USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4818-1077
Alexis C WoodDepartment of Pediatrics USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7616-2119
Nikhil S PadhyeDepartment of Research The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Nursing Houston TX USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5738-7486
Marcia C de Oliveira OttoDepartment of Epidemiology The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health Houston TX USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4585-0688

Funding

Task Area A Core Study Operations.Task Area A shall encompass annual follow-up of cohort members, clinical endpoints ascertainment, study coordination activities, maintenance of the database and biosp75N92020D00001 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI MCCLELLAND, ROBYN LEAGH · 2020 to 2025
$17.2M
Task Area A shall encompass annual follow-up of cohort members, clinical events investigations, study operations, and data analysis and manuscript writing. If implemented, Task A.1 will provide fundin75N92020D00005 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI WATSON, KAROL E · 2020 to 2025
$5.1M
TO EXERCISE OPTION PERIOD ONE (1) FOR TASK AREA A - MESA CORE OPERATIONS, FIELD CENTER.75N92020D00004 · NHLBI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY · PI SIEGEL, JONATHAN H · 2020 to 2025
$4.5M
Task Area A shall encompass annual follow-up of cohort members, clinical events investigations, study operations, and data analysis and manuscript writing. If implemented, Task A.1 will provide fundin75N92020D00006 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI PANKOW, JAMES S · 2020 to 2025
$4.4M
Task Area A shall encompass annual follow-up of cohort members, clinical events investigations, study operations, and data analysis and manuscript writing. If implemented, Task A.1 will provide fundin75N92020D00003 · NHLBI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI POST, WENDY S · 2020 to 2025
$3.8M
Task Area A shall encompass annual follow-up of cohort members, clinical events investigations, study operations, and data analysis and manuscript writing. If implemented, Task A.1 will provide fundin75N92020D00007 · NHLBI · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI BERTONI, ALAIN GERALD · 2020 to 2025
$3.5M
Task Area A shall encompass annual follow-up of cohort members, clinical events investigations, study operations, and data analysis and manuscript writing. If implemented, Task A.1 will provide fundin75N92020D00002 · NHLBI · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI SHEA, STEVEN J · 2020 to 2025
$3.4M
NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020D00001NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020D00002NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020D00003NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020D00004NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020D00005NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020D00006NHLBI NIH HHS 75N92020D00007
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDietary guidelines recommend adequate protein intake from diverse sources for optimal blood pressure; however, its role in hypertension risk remains unclear. We examined prospective associations of protein intake and diversity, overall and by source, with hypertension risk in the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) study. METHODS AND

resultsAmong 2294 participants aged 45 to 84 years without hypertension at baseline, total, animal, and plant protein intake was assessed using a 120-item food frequency questionnaire. Protein diversity was evaluated using count and the dissimilarity index. Over a 9-year median follow-up, 1356 hypertension cases were identified through blood pressure measurements and medication records. Associations with hypertension risk were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline analyses. In multivariable-adjusted models, we found inverse, nonlinear relationships between plant protein intake and count (

conclusionsThese findings suggest that higher consumption and variety of minimally processed plant proteins lower hypertension risk, while minimally processed animal proteins can be included without significantly increasing hypertension risk among middle-aged US adults.

Indexed as

Animal Proteins, DietaryBlood PressureDietary ProteinsHypertensionAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedPlant Proteins, DietaryProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsAnimal Proteins, DietaryDietary ProteinsPlant Proteins, Dietarydietary protein intakediversity of protein sourcesfood sourcehypertension preventionplant protein

Identifiers

PMID40207538
PMCPMC12184573

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.