Evidence mapPaperPMID 40211830Full record

ArticlePharmacotherapy2025

Risk of acute kidney injury in dapagliflozin users with type 2 diabetes: A nationwide propensity score-matched cohort study in Korea.

Hee-Jin Kim, Heehyun Won, Suvin Park, Hui-Eon Lee, Haerin Cho, Jeong Ah Kim, Na-Young Jeong, HoJin Shin, Ye-Jee Kim, Nam-Kyong Choi

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmacotherapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Hee-Jin KimDepartment of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-0424-8874
Heehyun WonDepartment of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-9601-3786
Suvin ParkDepartment of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-4292-049X
Hui-Eon LeeDepartment of Industrial Pharmaceutical Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-6351-2674
Haerin ChoDepartment of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID 0009-0001-7221-4265
Jeong Ah KimDepartment of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-5429-759X
Na-Young JeongDepartment of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-2130-1286
HoJin ShinDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2032-6134
Ye-Jee KimDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-3307-2970
Nam-Kyong ChoiDepartment of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-1153-9928

Funding

Ministry of Food and Drug Safety 21183MFDS543
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSeveral previous studies have identified a potential risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, based on adverse event reports. However, recent European observational studies have shown conflicting results.

objectiveTo evaluate the risk of AKI in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) who were treated with dapagliflozin compared with sitagliptin.

methodWe conducted a retrospective cohort study on patients with T2DM who were newly prescribed dapagliflozin or sitagliptin between September 1, 2014, and June 30, 2021, using the nationwide National Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) Service database in Korea. Propensity scores were estimated using a multivariable logistic regression model, and matching was performed at a 1:1 ratio to balance the dapagliflozin and sitagliptin groups. The outcome of interest was the occurrence of AKI hospitalization 90 days post-exposure, captured by a validated algorithm based on the International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD-10) code: N17. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a Cox proportional hazards model.

resultsAmong 94,977 dapagliflozin users matched to sitagliptin users, AKI events occurred in 132 dapagliflozin users versus 198 sitagliptin users, with incidence rates of 2.92 and 8.93 per 1000 person-years, respectively. The risk of AKI events was 34% lower in dapagliflozin users (HR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.53-0.83) compared with sitagliptin users. This protective effect remained consistent in sensitivity analyses.

conclusionContrary to the United States Food and Drug Administration's safety warning, our findings suggest that dapagliflozin may have a protective effect against AKI in patients with T2DM. This is consistent with recent findings from European post-marketing safety studies and may serve as supportive evidence.

Indexed as

Acute Kidney InjuryBenzhydryl CompoundsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2GlucosidesSitagliptin PhosphateSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAdultAgedCohort StudiesFemaleHospitalizationHumansHypoglycemic AgentsMaleMiddle AgedPropensity ScoreBenzhydryl CompoundsdapagliflozinGlucosidesHypoglycemic AgentsSitagliptin PhosphateSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitorsacute kidney injurycohort studydipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitorsodium‐glucose transporter 2 inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID40211830
PMCPMC12087813

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.