ArticleSmall science2024
Inflammatory or Reparative? Tuning Macrophage Polarization Using Anodized Anisotropic Nanoporous Titanium Implant Surfaces.
Article in Small science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nanostructured Ti-6Al-4V Reduces Adhesion of Several Bacterial Species: An In Vitro Study.Small science · 2026Article
- Nanoporous-based biomaterials in biomedical applications: from fundamentals and biosensing to drug delivery, wound healing, and tissue engineering.Nanoscale advances · 2026Review
- Multiscale Interface Engineering for Orthopedic and Dental Implants: A Review.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Review
- Surface modifications of titanium dental implants: optimizing antibacterial activity and osteoimmunomodulation.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Biomolecule-functionalized dental implant surfaces: Towards augmenting soft tissue integration.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Modular Ti-6Al-4V system forFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Modulating macrophage phenotype based on implant surface characteristics, including topography and chemistry, has been employed to enhance osseointegration and long-term functional outcomes for titanium (Ti)-based implants. An excessive and/or prolonged M1 macrophage response can lead to damaging immune-inflammatory reactions, negatively influencing the fate of the implant, and hence, modulating these responses via nanoscale implant surface modification is an emerging paradigm. Herein, an anodized titanium implant surface based on single-step electrochemical anodization, with preserved underlying microfeatures and superimposed nanopores (50 and 70 nm), compared with irregular rough and microrough (machined-like) surfaces, is investigated for its effect on the functions of primary macrophages in vitro. Significantly reduced macrophage proliferation and increased tissue-reparative M2 phenotype polarization are confirmed for the nanopores, which are more pronounced for 70 nm diameter. Moreover, osteoclastogenesis is reduced while osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts is enhanced for the nanopores (higher for 70 nm pores). Advanced nanoengineered Ti implants can enhance titanium implant tissue integration by modulating the inflammatory response at the implant-cell interface.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.