ArticleJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)2025
Nalfurafine reverses fentanyl-induced muscle rigidity and respiratory depression without affecting sedation in rats: decoupling respiration from sedation.
Article in Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dose- and time-dependent physiological effects of fentanyl in adult goats.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2026Article
- The opioid flexion phenotype: postural flexion and nodding in the fentanyl era.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study examines whether nalfurafine, a κ-opioid receptor (κOR) agonist, reverses fentanyl-induced muscle rigidity and respiratory depression without impacting sedation. Adult, nonsedated Sprague-Dawley rats received intravenous fentanyl bolus injection (150 μg/kg), which induced immediate coma and muscle rigidity along with a transient central apnea, followed by sustained respiratory depression. Five minutes postfentanyl, rats were treated with saline, nalfurafine (0.1 or 1 mg/kg), or the κOR agonist U50488 (1 or 10 mg/kg). Muscle rigidity, sedation, and response to painful stimuli were assessed using blinded clinical scoring. Ventilation and pulmonary gas exchange were measured using open-flow body plethysmography. Nalfurafine at 1 mg/kg quickly and effectively reduced fentanyl-induced muscle rigidity, with a sustained effect throughout the 30-min observation period. Sedation scores remained consistent across all groups. In contrast to saline, nalfurafine (1 mg/kg) sharply increased minute ventilation V̇e, frequency (
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Registered trials
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