Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40216907›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Mitigating effect of γ-aminobutyric acid and gibberellic acid on tomato plant cultivated in Pb-polluted soil.

Saniha Shoaib, Rana Khalid Iqbal, Hina Ashraf, Uzma Younis, Muhammad Ayaz Rasool, Mohammad Javed Ansari, Abdullah A Alarfaj, Sulaiman Ali Alharbi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Saniha ShoaibInstitute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
Rana Khalid IqbalDepartment of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy. khalid.iqbal@bzu.edu.pk.
Hina AshrafDepartment of Botany, The Government Sadiq College Women University, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Uzma YounisBotany Department, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan Campus, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. uzma.younis@iub.edu.pk.
Muhammad Ayaz RasoolBotany Department, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Rahim Yar Khan Campus, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan.
Mohammad Javed AnsariDepartment of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad, (Guru Jambheshwar University, Moradabad), Uttar Pradesh, 244001, India.
Abdullah A AlarfajDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Sulaiman Ali AlharbiDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Soil heavy metal pollution poses a significant environmental risk to human health and plant growth. Gibberellic acid (GA) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are effective methods for resolving this issue. GA regulates growth mechanisms such as seed germination, flowering, and stem elongation. Plants use GABA, a signaling molecule, to control physiological processes, growth, and responses to stress. This substance plays a crucial role in the interactions between hormones and plant defense, as evidenced by its effects on photosynthesis, food absorption, and stomatal behavior. The study aimed to determine how GABA and GA amendments affected tomato plants under no toxicity and Pb toxicity. The study included four treatments (0, GA, GABA, and GA + GABA) in four replications following a completely randomized design. Notably, the GA + GABA treatment led to considerable enhancements in fresh weight (88.98%), dry weight (68.28%), shoot length (39.98%), and root length (115.43%) compared to the control under Pb toxicity. Moreover, GA + GABA treatment significantly increased tomato chlorophyll a (161.72%), chlorophyll b (93.33%), and total chlorophyll content (112.45%) under Pb stress toxicity, confirming the effectiveness of GA + GABA treatment. In conclusion, GA + GABA is recommended as the best amendment to mitigate Pb stress in tomato plants. Our findings have broader implications for GA + GABA application, offering a potential technology to enhance sustainable crop production by improving plant growth and yield in Pb-contaminated soils. More investigations are suggested at field levels under different agroclimates on different crops for the declaration of GA + GABA as the best amendment for alleviating different heavy metal pollutions and sustainable agriculture productions.

Indexed as

gamma-Aminobutyric AcidGibberellinsLeadSoil PollutantsSolanum lycopersicumChlorophyllPlant Growth RegulatorsPlant RootsSoilChlorophyllgamma-Aminobutyric Acidgibberellic acidGibberellinsLeadPlant Growth RegulatorsSoilSoil PollutantsGibberellic acidGrowth attributesLead toxicityPlant healthRestorationγ-Aminobutyric acid

Identifiers

PMID40216907
PMCPMC11992259

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.