Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40218940›Full record

Trial reportNutrients2025

Goal Setting and Attainment in a Randomised Controlled Trial of Digital Health-Assisted Lifestyle Interventions in People with Kidney and Liver Disease.

Dev K Jegatheesan, William F Pinzon Perez, Riley C C Brown, Nicola W Burton, Amandine Barnett, Lindsey Webb, Marguerite M Conley, Hannah L Mayr, Shelley E Keating, Jaimon T Kelly and 4 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Dev K JegatheesanFaculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-6525-7961
William F Pinzon PerezQueensland Cyber Infrastructure Foundation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
Riley C C BrownSchool of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
Nicola W BurtonSchool of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-3221-2265
Amandine BarnettCentre for Online Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
Lindsey WebbDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
Marguerite M ConleyDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0427-0932
Hannah L MayrFaculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
Shelley E KeatingSchool of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-5357-2721
Jaimon T KellyCentre for Online Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0232-5848
Graeme A MacdonaldFaculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0929-110X
Jeff S CoombesSchool of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
Ingrid J HickmanFaculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-3205-9165
Nicole M IsbelFaculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-9566-7179

Funding

Queensland Health N/A
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionGoal setting is an effective strategy in altering fitness and dietary behaviours. The goal attainment scale (GAS) is a patient-reported outcome measure that can be used to quantify goal achievement. The GAS has not been extensively assessed in lifestyle intervention trials. This study aimed to describe the goal setting process and assess the impact of a digital exercise and diet service and self-efficacy on goal attainment in people with chronic disease and at increased cardiometabolic risk.

methodsThis study presents a single-centre, 26-week, randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing standard care to digital health technologies (text messages, nutrition/exercise app, video consultations with dietitian and/or exercise physiologist). The comparator group was offered dietitian review (per standard care), and both groups received a wearable activity monitor. Individualised goal setting was facilitated prior to randomisation. Goal importance, performance measures, and self-efficacy were determined by participants. Goal outcome and 'Change in GAS' scores, reflecting the difference between baseline and follow-up performance, were calculated using validated formulae.

resultsGoal setting was completed and reviewed by 66 participants, with a median age of 51 years and 56% being male. The most common goals related to weight loss (46%), fitness (29%), and diet (15%). Most participants (62%) reported improvements in their goals, with most improvements in dietary (71%), fitness (52%), and weight loss (39%) goals. There was no significant difference in goal outcomes between intervention and comparator groups (

conclusionsThe novelty and feasibility of goal setting and attainment were demonstrated in this RCT of lifestyle interventions in people with chronic disease. Though the intervention did not significantly improve goal attainment, most participants reported improvements in their lifestyle goals. There were greater improvements in dietary goals than in fitness or weight loss goals. Participant-led goal setting with GAS and participant self-efficacy has potentially important applications in future lifestyle modification research and clinical implementation endeavours.

Indexed as

GoalsLife StyleAdultAgedDigital HealthExerciseFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPatient Reported Outcome MeasuresSelf Efficacydietexercisegoal attainment scalemetabolic syndromerandomised controlled trial

Identifiers

PMID40218940
PMCPMC11990596

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.