Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40227237›Full record

ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Postbiotic Sodium Butyrate Mitigates Hypertension and Kidney Dysfunction in Juvenile Rats Exposed to Microplastics.

You-Lin Tain, Ying-Jui Lin, Chih-Yao Hou, Guo-Ping Chang-Chien, Shu-Fen Lin, Chien-Ning Hsu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

You-Lin TainDivision of Pediatric Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-7059-6407
Ying-Jui LinDivision of Critical Care, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
Chih-Yao HouDepartment of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0002-8007-6077
Guo-Ping Chang-ChienInstitute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0003-3560-7470
Shu-Fen LinInstitute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
Chien-Ning HsuDepartment of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0001-7470-528X

Funding

Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan CMRPG8P0081
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPlastic production has led to widespread microplastic (MP) pollution, with children more vulnerable to MPs than adults. However, the mechanisms linking MP exposure to hypertension and kidney disease in children remain unclear. This study explored whether sodium butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, could mitigate MP-induced hypertension and kidney damage in juvenile rats.

methodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats (3 weeks old) were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 8/group): control, low-dose MP (1 mg/L), high-dose MP (10 mg/L), and high-dose MP with sodium butyrate (400 mg/kg/day). Rats were euthanized at 12 weeks.

resultsHigh-dose MP exposure impaired kidney function and increased blood pressure, which were alleviated by sodium butyrate through reduced oxidative stress, modulation of gut microbiota, increased plasma butyric acid levels, and enhanced renal SCFA-sensing G protein-coupled receptor 43 expression.

conclusionsSodium butyrate holds potential for mitigating MP-induced hypertension by reducing oxidative stress, modulating the gut microbiota, and elevating butyric acid levels.

Indexed as

butyrategut microbiotahypertensioninflammationkidney diseasemicroplasticsoxidative stressshort-chain fatty acid

Identifiers

PMID40227237
PMCPMC11939145

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.