ArticleScientific reports2025
Left ventricular hypertrophy among adults in a population-based cohort in Haiti.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is one of the strongest predictors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality; yet the means to diagnose LVH in resource-constrained settings remain limited. The objectives of this study were to determine LVH prevalence by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in a high-risk group, and compare TTE vs. electrocardiography (ECG-LVH) for LVH detection. We analyzed enrollment data from the Haiti cardiovascular disease cohort study on adults (≥ 18 years, n = 3,005) in Port-au-Prince between 2019 and 2021. All participants underwent questionnaires, vital signs, physical exams, and 12-lead ECGs. TTEs were acquired on those with hypertension or exhibiting CVD symptoms (n = 1040, 34.7%). TTE-LVH was defined according to the American Society of Echocardiography guidelines and ECG-LVH by Sokolow-Lyon, Cornell, and Limb-Lead Voltage criteria. The prevalence of TTE-LVH was 39.0% (95% CI 36.6-41.5%) and associated with older age. Only 26% of those with TTE-LVH and elevated blood pressure were on antihypertensives. Prevalence of ECG-LVH ranged from 1.9 to 5.0%, and compared to TTE-LVH had low agreement (κ < 0.20), low sensitivity (< 10%) and high specificity (> 90%). These findings indicate a high prevalence of TTE-LVH among high-risk Haitian adults, and poor detection using ECGs compared to TTEs. For those with TTE-LVH, treatment with antihypertensives may reduce the risk of adverse CVD outcomes.
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