Evidence mapPaperPMID 40229883Full record

ArticleDiabetology & metabolic syndrome2025

Exploring causal correlations between immune cells and diabetic neuropathy: a Mendelian randomization.

Lingfen Ji, Puyu Li, Nana Duan, Jinjin Xu, Yijuan Song, Bohui Shu, Lijun Liang, Fuli Zhao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Lingfen JiDepartment of gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Guanlin Road, Luoyang, 471000, China.
Puyu LiDepartment of gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Guanlin Road, Luoyang, 471000, China.
Nana DuanDepartment of gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Guanlin Road, Luoyang, 471000, China.
Jinjin XuDepartment of gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Guanlin Road, Luoyang, 471000, China.
Yijuan SongDepartment of gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Guanlin Road, Luoyang, 471000, China.
Bohui ShuDepartment of gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Guanlin Road, Luoyang, 471000, China.
Lijun LiangDepartment of gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Guanlin Road, Luoyang, 471000, China.
Fuli ZhaoDepartment of gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Guanlin Road, Luoyang, 471000, China. hkdyfylnyxk@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCirculating immune cells reportedly affect diabetic neuropathy (DN). Although associations have been previously established between numerous biomarkers and diseases, elucidating their causal relationships remains challenging. Mendelian Randomization (MR) could overcome this difficulty by applying genetic instruments to discern causal links. In this study, we conducted bidirectional two-sample MR to address this problem.

methodsWe used freely available genome-wide association study summary statistics. We obtained immune cell phenotype-related summary data from a study cohort comprising 3,757 Sardinian individuals that reported data concerning 731 immune cell phenotypes. We obtained DN-related summary data from the FinnGen database and conducted sensitivity analyses. Furthermore, we assessed horizontal pleiotropy using combined MR-Egger and MR-Presso methods. We evaluated heterogeneity using Cochran's Q test and applied False Discovery Rate correction to the findings.

resultsOur MR analysis significantly associated 24 immune cell phenotypes with DN. Specifically, the presence of CD45 on CD66b + + myeloid cells, HLA DR on CD14 + CD16- monocytes, IgD- CD24- %B cells, and CD27 on IgD- CD38br lymphocytes significantly positively correlated with the risk of DN. In contrast, the presence of CD28- DN (CD4-CD8-) %T cells, FSC-A on HLA DR + T cells, and other four T cell types negatively correlated with DN. Finally, we further confirmed the relationship between different immune cell types and DN.

conclusionsWe demonstrated the immunological susceptibility of DN and clarified how immune responses influence the course of DN. These findings might help inform immunological therapy techniques as well as novel targets for DN diagnosis and treatment.

Indexed as

Causal relationshipDiabetic neuropathyImmune cellsMendelian randomization study

Identifiers

PMID40229883
PMCPMC11998185

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.