ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2025
Long-Term Exposure to Nitrate and Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water and Gastric Cancer: A Multicase-Control Study in Spain (MCC-Spain).
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Rethinking gastric carcinogenesis: a multiscale ecological model of risk beyondFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Why internists should care about Helicobacter pylori: recapitulating gastric cancer prevention.Internal and emergency medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDisinfection byproducts and
objectiveWe evaluated the association between drinking water exposure to nitrate and trihalomethanes (THMs) and gastric cancer in a multicase-control study conducted in Spain (MCC-Spain).
methodsIn 2008-2013, 254 hospital-based incident gastric cancer cases and 2,365 population-based controls were recruited, providing information on residential histories and type of water consumed. Adult lifetime average nitrate and THM levels in residences from age 18 until 2 years before the interview were estimated and linked with water consumption information to calculate waterborne ingested nitrate, brominated (Br)-THMs, and chloroform. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using logistic regression, with adjustment for potential confounders. We assessed the effect modification by factors influencing endogenous NOC formation.
resultsMedian [percentile 25th (P
conclusionsLong-term waterborne nitrate exposure below regulatory limits may increase gastric cancer risk among older adults and in those with poor dietary patterns. These findings need to be confirmed by cohort studies with larger sample sizes. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP15039.
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