ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025
Characteristics and immunoprotective functions of three cysteine proteases from
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Systematic Evaluation of Four Cysteine Proteases (Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Article
- Staphyloxanthin loaded niosomal nanocarrier augments its anthelmintic activity against Trichinella spiralis infection in mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Cysteine proteases from Methods: Mice immunized with recombinant CsCP1-3 and adjuvants were subsequently infected with Results: RT-qPCR revealed that CsCP1-2 exhibited the highest expression in newly encysted larvae (NEL), while CsCP3 was predominantly expressed in adult stages. Immunohistochemical localization confirmed that CsCP1-3 are present in the eggshells, syncytial layers of metacercariae, NEL cuticle, and adult intestines. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the rCsCP1-3-immunized group displayed reduced liver inflammation and biliary fibrosis compared to the control group. The rCsCP1-3 induced a progressive increase in specific IgG1 and IgG2a antibody titers by the second week post-immunization. In the CsCP1-2 group, cytokines IFN-g, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10 were elevated relative to the control, with particularly high levels of IFN-g and IL-10 in CsCP1, indicating a strong mixed Th1/Th2 immune response. In contrast, the CsCP3 immunization group exhibited a transient increase in cytokines (IFN-g, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10) three days postinfection, which subsided after one to two weeks. Discussion: These findings suggest that CsCP1-3 elicit robust antibody and cellular immune responses, mitigating liver damage caused by
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