Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40248993›Full record

ArticleMovement disorders clinical practice2025

Role of the Functional Gait Assessment in Validating Item Difficulty Hierarchy and Fall Risk for Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus.

Yasutaka Nikaido, Hideyuki Urakami, Naoya Ishida, Yohei Okada, Yuki Kawami, Takaki Inui, Masahiro Kameda, Yoshinaga Kajimoto, Ryuichi Saura

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in Movement disorders clinical practice, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Yasutaka NikaidoClinical Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5250-9023
Hideyuki UrakamiClinical Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4038-8655
Naoya IshidaClinical Department of Rehabilitation, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
Yohei OkadaGraduate School of Health Sciences, Kio University, Nara, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7860-3440
Yuki KawamiDepartment of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Hyogo Prefectural Rehabilitation Hospital at Nishi-Harima, Kobe, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8726-7001
Takaki InuiDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3644-8769
Masahiro KamedaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Division of Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3665-0892
Yoshinaga KajimotoDepartment of Neurosurgery, Division of Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3848-8294
Ryuichi SauraDepartment of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Division of Comprehensive Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7954-2512

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFalls along with gait-balance disturbances are important symptoms of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH).

objectivesThis study aimed to validate the Functional Gait Assessment (FGA) item-difficulty hierarchy, determine its optimal fall cutoff value, and identify key items for assessing fall risk in iNPH.

methodsOne hundred eighty-eight iNPH patients underwent pre-intervention assessments using the FGA, timed up-and-go (TUG), 10-Meter Gait Speed (10MGS) tests, and their falls history in the past 6 months. Rasch analysis confirmed the validity of the FGA item-difficulty hierarchy and established the relationship between total scores and logit estimates. Logistic regression identified the optimal FGA cutoff value and key fall-related items.

resultsThe FGA's item-difficulty hierarchy was confirmed to range from item 5 ("gait and pivot turn") at -2.58 logits (easiest) to item 7 ("gait with narrow base of support") at 5.35 logits (most difficult). Total scores corresponded to logits from -10.39 (score 0) to 11.64 (score 30). The fall rate was 63.3%. The optimal FGA cutoff value was ≤15 points (area under curve [AUC]: 0.901, P < 0.001), outperforming TUG (AUC: 0.712) and 10MGS (AUC: 0.742). Key fall-related items (R

conclusionsOur findings may facilitate early diagnosis and timely interventions, including tailored rehabilitation and fall prevention strategies, by leveraging the item difficulty and characteristics of the FGA for iNPH patients.

Indexed as

Accidental FallsGaitGait AnalysisGait Disorders, NeurologicHydrocephalus, Normal PressureAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPostural Balancebalancefallsfunctional gait assessmentgaithydrocephalus

Identifiers

PMID40248993
PMCPMC12481452

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.