Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40251560›Full record

ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2025

Chain effect of lifecourse reproductive characteristics and body fat and muscle on cardiovascular disease in women: a Mendelian randomization study.

Dong Liu, Chun Dou, Chaojie Ye, Lijie Kong, Zheng Zhu, Mingling Chen, Jie Zheng, Min Xu, Yu Xu, Mian Li and 7 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Dong LiuDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Chun DouDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Chaojie YeDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Lijie KongDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Zheng ZhuDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Mingling ChenDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Jie ZhengDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Min XuDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yu XuDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Mian LiDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Zhiyun ZhaoDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Jieli LuDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yuhong ChenDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Guang NingDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Weiqing WangDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yufang BiDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Tiange WangDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. tiange.wang@shsmu.edu.cn.

Funding

National Key R&D Program of China 2023YFC2506700National Natural Science Foundation of China 82370820, 82088102, and 81930021Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project 2023ZD0508603the "Shu-Guang Scholar Programme" from Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, the "Shanghai Municipal Education Commission-Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Grant Support" from Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine 20171901 Round 2
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDelineating the causal chain effects of reproductive traits and fat- and muscle-related traits on cardiovascular disease (CVD) is essential for optimizing precision prevention and control of cardiovascular health in women.

methodsIn this study, we applied the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses and two-step MR framework to investigate the causal chain effects and the mediating effect pathways among reproductive factors and fat- and muscle-related traits on CVD outcomes in women, applying the genome-wide association study summary statistics of 16 women's reproductive traits across puberty and pre-pregnancy, pregnancy and postpartum, and menopausal transition stages, 16 women's fat- and muscle-related traits, and five CVD outcomes of coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and ischemic stroke (IS) from over one million individuals of European descent.

resultsThe MR analyses revealed the associations of genetically predicted nine reproductive traits (i.e., age at menarche [odds ratio (OR) for CAD: 0.92], age at first sexual intercourse [AFS; 0.71], age at first birth [AFB; 0.89], hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [HDP; 1.21], pre-eclampsia [PE; 1.34], preterm birth [PTB; 1.09], sex hormone-binding globulin [SHBG; 0.73], bioavailable testosterone [BT; 1.17], and number of stillbirths [OR for IS: 2.14]) and 13 fat- and muscle-related traits with at least one of five CVD outcomes. Two-step MR identified 30 causal pathways where AFS, AFB, HDP, PE, PTB, SHBG, and BT mediated the effects of body composition on five CVD outcomes, and nine pathways where waist-to-hip ratio, trunk-trunk fat ratio, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, and gluteofemoral adipose tissue mediated the effects of reproductive traits on CAD and MI.

conclusionsLifecourse reproductive characteristics and fat- and muscle-related traits manifested reciprocal mediating effects on CVD, informing targeted strategies for bridging cardiovascular health inequalities in women.

Indexed as

AdiposityCardiovascular DiseasesMuscle, SkeletalReproductionReproductive HistoryAdultAge FactorsFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansMendelian Randomization AnalysisMiddle AgedPhenotypePregnancyBody fatCardiovascular diseaseLifecourse reproductive characteristicsMendelian randomizationMuscle

Identifiers

PMID40251560
PMCPMC12008983

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.