ArticleBJA open2025
PErioperative respiratory care aNd outcomes for patients underGoing hIgh risk abdomiNal surgery (PENGUIN): a randomised international internal pilot trial.
Article in BJA open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04256798 (PErioperative Respiratory Care and Outcomes for patieNts Undergoing hIgh Risk abdomiNal Surgery), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
PErioperative Respiratory Care and Outcomes for patieNts Undergoing hIgh Risk abdomiNal Surgery: A 2x2 Factorial, International Pragmatic Randomised Controlled Trial Across Low and Middle-income Countries
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3 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Infections are a common complication of abdominal surgery in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The role of a high fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO Methods: Internal pilot phase of an international outcome assessor-blinded, 2x2 factorial randomised trial of patients aged ≥10-years undergoing midline laparotomy in LMIC hospitals. The main trial objectives are to compare the clinical effectiveness of preoperative 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash in preventing pneumonia versus no mouthwash, and 80-100% perioperative FiO Results: We recruited 927 patients from seven hospitals in India and South Africa over 12 months from November 2020. There were 907 adults (97.8%) and 20 children aged ten or over (2.2%): 89/927 (9.6%) patients died. Site opening reached 70% of our target (7/10) hospitals, and patient recruitment 107% (927/870). 917/927 (99%) patients in the mouthwash arm, and 840/927 (91%) patients in the oxygen arm received the allocated intervention. Lower adherence to the oxygen intervention related mainly to clinically necessary FiO Conclusion: This pilot showed the feasibility and safety of a major phase III trial in post-operative infection prevention in LMICs. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04256798.
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