ArticleJournal of family medicine and primary care2025
The effect of empagliflozin and sitagliptin as an add-on therapy to metformin in blood pressure reduction in diabetic patients in primary health care settings in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Article in Journal of family medicine and primary care, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Glycaemic and Cardiometabolic Outcomes of Empagliflozin Versus Sitagliptin Added to Metformin in T2DM: Insights From a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background/Aim: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic condition. Metformin is the first-line treatment, but if inadequate, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) are recommended as add-on therapies. This study aimed to directly compare the effects of empagliflozin (SGLT2i) and sitagliptin (DPP4i) as add-on therapies to metformin in reducing blood pressure (BP) in a cohort of type 2 diabetes patients in routine care. Additionally, the study assessed the impact on HbA1c levels to optimize antidiabetic medication selection for better BP control. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, including diabetic patients aged 18-75. BP readings were compared at 12- and 24-week intervals. Patients had a confirmed diagnosis of T2DM, were prescribed either Janumet or Synjardy, and had at least one BP reading within 3 months before and 2-24 weeks after starting treatment. Exclusion criteria included antihypertensive medication use, medication changes, or taking antidiabetic drugs other than metformin. Data included demographics, vital signs, and lab results. Results: The study included 44 participants, with a mean age of 55.73 years and a baseline HbA1c of 9.17%. Participants were on Synjardy (43.2%) or Janumet (56.8%). No significant reduction in systolic or diastolic BP was found. However, HbA1c decreased from 9.17% to 7.52% after 6 months, with the greatest reduction noted between baseline and 3 months. Conclusion: Although neither drug significantly impacted BP, both combinations reduced HbA1c. Further research with a larger sample is needed to clarify their effects on BP.
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Registered trials
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