Evidence mapPaperPMID 40267472Full record

Trial reportJMIR mHealth and uHealth2025

Assessment of an App-Based Sleep Program to Improve Sleep Outcomes in a Clinical Insomnia Population: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Walter Staiano, Christine Callahan, Michelle Davis, Leah Tanner, Chelsea Coe, Sarah Kunkle, Ulrich Kirk

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05872672 (Assessment of a Behavioral Sleep Program Using Subjective and Objective Measures of Sleep Quality in a Population With Sleep Disturbances), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05872672 nacompletednot on this map

Assessment of a Behavioral Sleep Program Using Subjective and Objective Measures of Sleep Quality in a Population With Sleep Disturbances

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of Southern DenmarkRan2023 to 2024Enrolled132ConditionsSleep DisturbanceArmsSleep Program, Waitlist
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Walter StaianoDepartment of Physical Education and Sport, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1269-0016
Christine CallahanHeadspace, Santa Monica, CA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3729-6672
Michelle DavisHeadspace, Santa Monica, CA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8162-5541
Leah TannerHeadspace, Santa Monica, CA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0440-7700
Chelsea CoeHeadspace, Santa Monica, CA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8775-2642
Sarah KunkleHeadspace, Santa Monica, CA, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6368-0205
Ulrich KirkDepartment of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2121-2016

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInsomnia is the most commonly reported sleep disturbance and significantly impacts mental health and quality of life. Traditional treatments for insomnia include pharmacological interventions or cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), but these options may not be accessible to everyone who needs treatment.

objectiveThis study aims to assess the effectiveness of the app-based Headspace Sleep Program in adults with clinical insomnia on sleep disturbance and mental health outcomes, compared with a waitlist control group.

methodsThis randomized controlled trial included 132 adults with clinical insomnia who were assigned to either the Headspace Sleep Program (an 18-session self-guided, in-app program utilizing CBT-I techniques augmented by mindfulness) or a waitlist control group. Sleep disturbance outcomes were assessed by changes in insomnia symptoms (measured using the Insomnia Severity Index) and sleep efficiency (measured via sleep diary and actigraphy). Mental health outcomes included perceived stress (measured by the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale), depressive symptoms (measured by the 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire), sleep quality (measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), anxiety symptoms (measured by the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale), and mindfulness (measured by the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale). Changes from baseline to postintervention and follow-up were assessed for each outcome.

resultsParticipants had a mean (SD) age of 37.2 (10.6) years, with 69 out of 132 (52.3%) identifying as female. Those randomized to the Headspace Sleep Program group experienced significantly greater improvements in insomnia symptoms from baseline to postintervention and follow-up compared with participants in the waitlist control group (P<.001, η²p=0.107). Improvements from baseline to postintervention and follow-up were also observed in the Headspace Sleep Program group for sleep efficiency, as measured by both sleep diary (P=.01, η²p=.03) and actigraphy outcomes (P=.01, η²p=.03). Participants in the Headspace Sleep Program group showed greater improvements in insomnia remission rates (8/66, 12%, at postintervention and 9/66, 14%, at follow-up) and treatment response (11/66, 17%, at postintervention and 15/66, 23%, at follow-up) compared with the control group (remission rate 2/66, 3%, at postintervention and 0/66, 0%, at follow-up; treatment response 3/66, 5%, at postintervention and 1/66, 2%, at follow-up). The results suggest significant improvements in depressive symptoms (P=.01, η²p=.04), anxiety symptoms (P=.02, η²p=.02), and mindfulness (P=.01, η²p=.03) in the Headspace Sleep Program group.

conclusionsThe Headspace Sleep Program is an effective intervention for improving sleep disturbances in adults with clinical insomnia.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05872672; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05872672.

Indexed as

Mobile ApplicationsSleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersAdultCognitive Behavioral TherapyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPsychometricsQuality of LifeSleep QualitySurveys and QuestionnairesTreatment Outcomeappapp basedbehavioralcognitive behavioral therapy for insomniainsomniamindfulnessrandomized controlled trialRCTtherapy

Identifiers

PMID40267472
PMCPMC12059489

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.