ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2026
Metformin Prescription Orders among Patients with Prediabetes in a National Network of Federally Qualified Health Centers.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Multiparameter MRI assessment of metformin and exercise effects on skeletal muscle in prediabetes: a randomized controlled trial.European radiology experimental · 2025Trial
- Metformin and the Development of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.JAMA ophthalmology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundClinical trials of adults with prediabetes demonstrate that metformin can prevent or delay the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by approximately 30%. The association between socioeconomic disadvantage and elevated diabetes risk underscores the importance of using metformin in this high-risk group.
objectiveTo examine the prevalence of metformin prescriptions among patients with prediabetes served by federally qualified health centers (FQHCs), the largest national system of primary care clinics in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities.
designRetrospective cohort study using 2008-2019 electronic health record data from a national FQHC network.
participantsPatients with prediabetes were identified by the presence of: ≥ 1 diagnosis code; or ≥ 2 glycemic test results in the prediabetes range. We excluded patients with prior metformin prescription orders and those with prior evidence of diabetes by diagnosis code or two glycemic test results in the diabetes range. MAIN MEASURES: We examined metformin prescription orders, overall, and by patient characteristics including age and body mass index (BMI). KEY
resultsA total of 59,232 FQHC patients were found to have prediabetes, of whom 48.4% reported Hispanic ethnicity, 27.2% reported Black race, 22.5% had Medicaid insurance, and 33.1% were uninsured. Within one and five years of prediabetes diagnosis, metformin was prescribed for 3.0% and 6.1% of patients, respectively. In multivariate analyses, increasing BMI was the strongest predictor of metformin prescription orders. Disparities in metformin prescription rates were observed among FQHCs patients from racial minority groups relative to White patients.
conclusionsMetformin prescriptions for prediabetes are rare among FQHC patients. Prescribing rates were higher among patients with elevated BMI, and lower among patients from racial minority groups. Further research is needed to understand reasons for low metformin use in this population and promote clinical guidelines for diabetes prevention in FQHCs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.