Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40280217›Full record

ReviewNeuroImage2025

Technical considerations for using intravenous gadolinium-based-contrast-agent (GBCA) based MRI approaches to study cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation and clearance.

Jun Hua, Yuanqi Sun, Yinghao Li, Xinyi Zhou, Yuhan Bian, Adrian Paez, Briana Meyer, Swati Rane Levendovszky

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in NeuroImage, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Ultrafast Blood TMagnetic resonance in medicine · 2026
    Article
  2. Mapping subarachnoid cerebrospinal fluid circulation in the human brain.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jun HuaNeurosection, Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address: jhua1@jhu.edu.
Yuanqi SunNeurosection, Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Yinghao LiNeurosection, Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Xinyi ZhouNeurosection, Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Yuhan BianNeurosection, Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Adrian PaezNeurosection, Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Briana MeyerDepartment of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Swati Rane LevendovszkyDepartment of Radiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.

Funding

Advanced MR Imaging of Olfactory Impairment in Prodromal Alzheimer's DiseaseR01AG064093 · NIA · HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER · PI BAKKER, ARNOLD, HUA, JUN · 2020 to 2024
$3.9M
Advanced MRI Studies of Cerebrovascular and Lymphatic Abnormalities in LRRK2 mouse models of Parkinson's diseaseR01NS120879 · NINDS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI HUA, JUN, SMITH, WANLI W · 2021 to 2025
$3.5M
Imaging small blood and lymphatic vessel abnormalities of the olfactory system in schizophreniaR01NS108452 · NINDS · HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER · PI HUA, JUN, KAMATH, VIDYULATA · 2018 to 2022
$3.2M
Interaction between microvascular function and CSF clearance in Lewy body dementiaRF1AG082257 · NIA · HUGO W. MOSER RES INST KENNEDY KRIEGER · PI HUA, JUN · 2023 to 2023
$2.4M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG064093NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG082257NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS108452NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS120879
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intravenously (IV) administered Gadolinium-based-contrast-agents (GBCAs) can enter the intracranial cerebrospinal-fluid (CSF) space via weak barriers between blood and CSF at multiple locations in the brain. This enables IV-GBCAs to be used as a tracer to study CSF circulation and clearance in the brain. With proper optimization, IV-GBCA induced signal changes can be robustly detected in various brain regions associated with CSF circulation. Nevertheless, whether these signal changes can be attributed to GBCA concentration changes in the CSF space should be interpreted with caution. This review attempts to discuss several technical challenges for using IV-GBCA MRI to study CSF circulation in the brain. First, it is critical to minimize the partial volume effects from the blood compartment as IV-GBCAs can present in both the blood and CSF compartments for a long time. Second, MRI approaches that can provide a quantitative measure of GBCA concentration in the CSF are preferred as raw MR signal intensities can often have a complicated relationship with GBCA concentration. Third, regions with intracranial and extracranial blood supply should be analyzed separately because GBCA distribution in regions with extracranial blood supply may not be a proper indicator for CSF clearance from the brain. Fourth, differences in the cerebrovasculature should be considered when comparing IV-GBCA concentration changes in the CSF in brain diseases. Finally, a proper reference signal needs to be established to calibrate longitudinal post-GBCA signals across sessions. Some of these issues may also apply to intrathecal GBCA MRI studies.

Indexed as

BrainCerebrospinal FluidContrast MediaGadoliniumMagnetic Resonance ImagingHumansContrast MediaGadoliniumCerebrovasculatureConcentrationExtracranialIntracranialIntrathecalPartial volumeReference signal

Identifiers

PMID40280217
PMCPMC13179860

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.