Trial reportCardiovascular diabetology2025
The effect of empagliflozin on peripheral microvascular dysfunction in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
Trial report in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06046612 (The Effect of Empagliflozin on Peripheral Microvascular Dysfunction in Heart Failure With), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Empagliflozin on Peripheral Microvascular Dysfunction in Heart Failure With
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction: synergy between cardiac and extracardiac mechanisms and effects of novel therapies.Heart failure reviews · 2026Review
- Comparing cutaneous NO-dependent vasodilation between young males and females.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Comorbidity-Driven Inflammation in HFpEF: Immune Profiling and Therapeutic Targets.Current heart failure reports · 2026Review
- Vascular function in women with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a mismatch beyond diastole.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2025Review
- Microvascular dysfunction across organs in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the PROSE-HFpEF case-control study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEmpagliflozin is an effective treatment for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), but its definite mechanism of action is unclear. Systemic microvascular dysfunction strongly relates to HFpEF aetiology, and we hypothesised that empagliflozin improves microvascular function in HFpEF.
objectiveTo investigate the effect of the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor empagliflozin on peripheral microvascular function in HFpEF.
methodsThis is a pre-post intervention study in patients diagnosed with HFpEF who are eligible for treatment with empagliflozin. Microvascular function assessment using laser speckle contrast analysis of the dorsal forearm during iontophoresis of vasoactive stimuli (acetylcholine, insulin sodium nitroprusside) was performed at baseline and after 3 months of empagliflozin treatment (10 mg daily). The primary outcome was the difference in blood flow measured in the forearm microvasculature between baseline and at follow-up (cutaneous vascular conductance, CVC). Secondarily we investigated quality-of-life based on the EQ-5D-5 L questionnaire at baseline and follow-up.
resultsTwenty six patients finished the study according to protocol (mean age of 74 ± 7 years, 62% female). We observed a decreased blood flow response to acetylcholine after 3 months of empagliflozin (CVC: 0.77 ± 0.24 vs. 0.64 ± 0.20, p < 0.001). In contrast, the response to insulin improved (CVC: 0.61 ± 0.43 vs. 0.81 ± 0.32, p = 0.03), and the response to sodium nitroprusside remained stable after 3 months. No significant correlations were found between the changes in blood flow and quality of life.
conclusionThis study shows that three months treatment with empagliflozin changed peripheral microvascular function in patients with HFpEF. Empagliflozin may enhance microvascular blood flow specifically via vascular actions of insulin, rather than a general effect on endothelial vasoregulation or smooth muscle cell function. As such, systemic microvascular dysfunction can be a modifiable factor in patients with HFpEF, while the clinical implications thereof warrant further investigations.
trial registrationThe trial was preregistered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06046612).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.