ArticleLife (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Effectiveness of Electrical Muscle Elongation and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Programs on Muscle Flexibility and Stiffness in Young Adults with Functional Hamstring Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial with 4-Week Follow-Up.
Article in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAdequate hamstring flexibility is crucial for musculoskeletal health as increased muscle tone can lead to stretch-type injuries, muscle weakness, dysfunctional neuromuscular control, postural changes, and lower back pain. The aim was to compare the effectiveness of a program based on Electrical Muscle Elongation (EME), Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF), and no intervention in improving flexibility and viscoelastic properties of hamstring and quadriceps muscles in active young adults with functional hamstring disorder (type 2B according to the Munich Consensus).
methodsSixty-five participants (45 male, 20 female) were randomly assigned to three groups: the EME group (
resultsThe EME group showed significant improvements in hamstring flexibility in the left limb compared to the Control group and in some myotonometric variables of the quadriceps muscle compared to the PNF and Control groups (
conclusionsThis study suggests that EME may offer greater benefits than PNF stretching in young adults with functional hamstring disorder.
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