Evidence mapPaperPMID 40288416Full record

SynthesisArquivos de neuro-psiquiatria2025

Efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists for Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Luis O S Nogueira, Roberto A S V Mazetto, Maria L R Defante, Vânio L J Antunes, Ocílio Ribeiro Gonçalves, Angela Maria Sandini Corso, Marcus V Della Coletta, Dayany Leonel Boone, Walderico Silva Machado Filho, Vanderci Borges and 1 more

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Luis O S NogueiraUniversidade do Estado do Amazonas, Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Medicina, Manaus AM, Brazil.ORCID 0009-0004-8809-8715
Roberto A S V MazettoUniversidade do Estado do Amazonas, Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Medicina, Manaus AM, Brazil.ORCID 0009-0007-4023-5970
Maria L R DefanteUniversidade do Estado do Amazonas, Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Medicina, Manaus AM, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-0524-5616
Vânio L J AntunesUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre RS, Brazil.ORCID 0009-0007-1127-230X
Ocílio Ribeiro GonçalvesUniversidade Federal do Piauí, Centro de de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Medicina Especializada, Teresina PI, Brazil.ORCID 0009-0008-6103-8420
Angela Maria Sandini CorsoUniversidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Medicina, Curitiba PR, Brazil.ORCID 0009-0005-5048-9531
Marcus V Della ColettaUniversidade do Estado do Amazonas, Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Medicina, Manaus AM, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-3368-8492
Dayany Leonel BooneUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-9932-3528
Walderico Silva Machado FilhoUniversidade Estadual de Campinas, Hospital de Clínicas, Campinas SP, Brazil.ORCID 0009-0003-1274-9000
Vanderci BorgesUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-8723-2757
Henrique Ballalai FerrazUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-3821-1407

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRecent research on Parkinson's disease (PD) therapy has highlighted glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists as potential therapeutic agents. However, recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown mixed results regarding the use of this medication.

objectiveTo perform a meta-analysis comparing GLP-1 agonists with placebo or standard PD treatment in adult PD patients.

methodsWe systematically searched the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Central databases. The efficacy outcomes were assessed through the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) and the 39-item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39). We also assessed adverse events. Dichotomous data were compared using the risk ratio (RR), and continuous endpoints were pooled using the mean difference (MD).

resultsWe included 4 RCTs, with a total of 514 patients. In every study, the Hoehn and Yahr stage was < 3. The pooled analysis demonstrated that the use of GLP-1 agonists was not associated with an improvement in the scores on parts I, II, III, and IV of the MDS-UPDRS at 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Neither did quality of life (PDQ-39) show significant differences among the groups, and a higher risk of gastrointestinal adverse events and weight loss was observed with the use of GLP-1 agonists. A subgroup analysis further confirmed the lack of clinical benefits of the intervention regarding all of these efficacy outcomes, and the intervention also significantly reduced result heterogeneity.

conclusionIn 1 year, GLP-1 agonists failed to improve motor and non-motor features of PD. Additional high-quality studies are needed to draw more robust conclusions about this treatment.

Indexed as

Antiparkinson AgentsGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Parkinson DiseaseHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicTreatment OutcomeAntiparkinson AgentsGlucagon-Like Peptide 1

Identifiers

PMID40288416
PMCPMC12034413

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.